三维激光扫描在城市地下建(构)筑物测量中的应用研究与实践

Application and Practice Of 3D Laser Scanning in the Measurement of Urban Underground Building and Structure

针对地下建(构)筑物隐蔽、结构复杂、通视困难等特点,探索三维激光扫描仪进行地下建(构)筑物测量技术方法的研究。通过扫描控制点优化布设和标靶设置相结合的方法,快速采集地下建(构)筑物表面点云及设站中心三维坐标,在点云配准、拼接基础上完成精细建模和自动提取特征点坐标和几何尺寸;将此成果与高精度全站仪采集的特征点坐标比对分析完成精度验证。结果表明:三维点云精确表达了地下建(构)筑物的几何形状和细部特征,将传统的地下建(构)筑物测量成果提升为三维全要素,特征点点位中误差优于规范要求(±50mm),更好地解决了地下建(构)筑物项目的信息化测量和地下空间规划管理需求。

Aiming at the characteristics of underground building and structure,such as concealment,complex structure and difficulty in visibility,the research on the measurement technology of underground building and structure by 3D laser scanner is explored.Through the combination of scanning control point optimization layout and target setting,the surface point cloud of underground building and structure and the three-dimensional coordinates of the station center are quickly collected.On the basis of point cloud registration and splicing,fine modeling and automatic extraction of feature point coordinates and geometric dimensions are completed.The accuracy verification is completed by comparing results with the feature point coordinates collected by the high-precision total station.The results show that the three-dimensional point cloud accurately expresses the geometric shape and detailed characteristics of underground building and structure.The traditional measurement results of underground building and structure are improved to three-dimensional full elements,and the mean square error of feature points is better than the specification requirements(±50mm),which better solves the information measurement and underground space planning and management requirements of underground building and structure.