防排烟设计中的常见问题分析

Analysis of common problems in smoke control and exhaust design

防烟、排烟系统设计是建筑消防设计中的重要组成部分。防排烟系统对火灾初期的人员疏散、防止火灾蔓延、保障消防救援的顺利实施都起到了重要的保障作用。本文就建筑防排烟设计,通过规范分析,提出一些做法和建议,分析内容主要涉及到前室风口的设计、楼梯间固定窗的设计、机械加压送风系统余压值的控制措施、设置排烟系统房间的补风设施、特殊类型建筑的排烟和补风设施、汽车库的排烟设施、设置排烟设施场所的补风口设计。本文针对不同的建筑物特点,采用相应的防排烟设施来满足设计的要求,为建筑防排烟设计提供借鉴。

The design of smoke control and exhaust system is an important part of building fire protection design.The smoke control and exhaust system plays an important role in the early stage of fire evacuation,preventing the spread of fire and ensuring the implementation of fire rescue.This paper puts forward some methods and suggestions on building smoke control and exhaust design through normative analysis.The analysis mainly involves the design of the front chamber air outlet,the design of the fixed window in the stairwell,the control measures of the residual pressure value of the mechanical pressure air supply system,the air supply facilities of the room with the smoke exhaust system,the smoke exhaust facilities of the special type of buildings,the smoke exhaust facilities of the garage,and the design of the air supply outlets of the place where the smoke exhaust facilities are set up.According to the characteristics of different buildings,this paper uses the corresponding smoke control and exhaust facilities to meet the design requirements,and provides reference for the design of building smoke control and exhaust.