儿童同伴排斥的影响及其心理机制

The Influence and Psychological Mechanism of Peer Rejection in Children

同伴排斥影响儿童的发展,近年来受到学者们的广泛关注。研究者从个性特征、特殊儿童、群体成员身份分析了受排斥儿童的主要特征,发现同伴排斥对受排斥儿童行为、认知、情绪及心理会产生影响,同时,认知资源相关理论和需要—威胁的时间模型可以有效解释同伴排斥的影响。最后,从同伴排斥神经机制研究、长期或多次同伴排斥的影响、同伴排斥预防策略研究等角度展望了未来研究方向。

Peer rejection affects children’s development and has received much attention from scholars in recent years.Researchers have analyzed the main characteristics of excluded children in terms of personality traits,special children and group membership,and found that peer rejection can have an impact on the behaviors,cognition,emo⁃tions and psychology of excluded children.Meanwhile,cognitive resource-related theory and the temporal model of need-threat can effectively explain the impact of peer rejection.Finally,future research directions are envisaged from the perspectives of research on the neural mechanisms of peer rejection,the impact of long-term or repeated peer rejec⁃tion,and research on peer rejection prevention strategies.