虚拟电厂聚合电动汽车参与碳市场的优化调度策略

Optimization strategy for aggregating electric vehicles through VPP to participate in the carbon market

虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)作为电网分布式能源管理的重要解决方案,参与碳交易能够充分发挥其环境效益并提升VPP整体收益。结合电动汽车参与核证减排市场的需求,文中提出VPP聚合电动汽车参与碳市场的协调调度优化策略。首先,设计VPP代理电动汽车参与核证减排市场的方案和流程,并通过收取服务费的方式提升VPP收益;然后,分析VPP不同聚合资源的碳排放特性,并采用场景生成法评估新能源出力的波动性;最后,以VPP收益最大为目标,设计VPP参与碳市场的优化模型,同时电动汽车作为可控负荷和储能装置,进一步增加了VPP运行稳定性。算例分析表明,通过VPP对包括电动汽车在内的多类资源进行聚合并参与碳市场交易,不仅可以激励VPP减少传统火电机组的发电量,降低VPP运行时产生的碳排放,还可以利用电动汽车提升VPP运行稳定性,增加VPP收益及社会效益。

Virtual power plant(VPP)is an important solution for distributed energy management of power grid.VPP′s participation in carbon emission trading can give full play to its environmental benefits and improve the overall income of VPP.Based on the demand for electric vehicles to participate in the certification and emission reduction market,a coordinated scheduling optimization strategy for aggregating electric vehicles through VPP to participate in the carbon market is proposed.Firstly,design a scheme for VPP to represent electric vehicles in the certification and emission reduction market,and increase VPP revenue by charging service fees.Then,analyze the carbon emission characteristics of different aggregated resources in VPP and evaluate the volatility of new energy output by scenario generation method.Finally,with the goal of maximizing VPP revenue,design an optimization model for VPP participation in the carbon market.The aggregation of electric vehicles as controllable loads and energy storage devices can increase the stability of VPP operation.Example analysis shows that aggregating multiple types of resources including electric vehicles through VPP and participating in carbon market can not only incentivize VPP to reduce the power generation of traditional thermal power units and reduce carbon emissions generated during VPP operation,but also improve the stability of VPP operation,increase VPP revenue and social benefits through the use of electric vehicles.