基于PMC指数模型的城市生活垃圾分类政策量化评价研究

Quantitative Evaluation of Waste Classification Policy Based on PMC Index Model

基于2017—2021年出台的城市生活垃圾分类与生活垃圾管理政策,构建PMC指数模型,设计指标体系,对9项垃圾分类政策进行量化评价,识别优势与不足,提出优化垃圾分类政策的建议。研究发现:当前中国垃圾分类政策较好地满足了当下的政策需求。但仍存在缺乏长效性政策、政策文本的预测性内容不足、政策工具使用不均衡、政策文本缺乏法律支撑等问题。应通过补充长效性政策、增强政策内容的预测性、均衡使用政策性工具、加快垃圾分类立法建设等途径对垃圾分类政策进行优化。

Based on the municipal domestic waste classification and domestic waste management policies issued in 2017—2021,this paper constructs a PMC index model,designs an index system,quantitatively evaluates 9 garbage classification policies,identifies advantages and disadvantages,and puts forward suggestions for optimizing garbage classification policies.The study finds that the current Chinese garbage classification policy better meets the current policy needs and has certain advantages.However,there are still problems such as lack of long-term policies,insufficient predictive content of policy texts,uneven use of policy tools,and lack of legal support for policy texts.Garbage classification policies should be optimized by supplementing long-term policies,enhancing the predictability of policy content,using policy tools in a balanced manner,and accelerating the construction of garbage classification legislation.