贝、藻养殖生态系统碳通量监测与计算方法概述

Current Status of Carbon Flux Monitoring and Calculation Methods in Shellfish and Algal Cultivating Ecosystems

海洋碳汇对气候变暖有巨大的调节和缓冲作用。通过养殖贝、藻的生物作用大量吸收水体中的无机碳和有机碳,促进大气中的CO_(2)向海水中扩散,是重要的海洋碳汇过程。虽然我国对海洋碳汇已经有了较深入、较全面的认识,但是对于贝、藻类养殖负排放的科学原理、过程机制尚不清楚,养殖区不同层面碳通量的监测与计量方法依旧存在很多不足,急需构建统一、可靠的方法。本文根据贝、藻养殖碳“源”、“汇”特征,从生物、水体、沉积物、海—气界面4个层面归纳总结了碳通量的监测与计量方法,旨在为研究贝、藻类养殖负排放的科学原理、过程机制提供参考依据。

Marine carbon sinks have a significant regulatory and buffering effect on climate warming.The cultivated shellfish and algae absorb a large amount of inorganic and organic carbon from seawater through their biological effects.As an important process of marine carbon sequestration,it promotes the diffusion of CO_(2) from the atmosphere into seawater.Although China has a comprehensive understanding of marine carbon sinks,the scientific principles and process mechanisms of carbon sinks from shellfish and algae cultivation are still unclear.One of the reasons is that there are still not enough researches in the monitoring and counting of carbon fluxes at different levels in aquaculture areas,hence it is of urgent need to establish a unified and reliable method.Based on the characteristics of carbon"source"and"sink"in shellfish and algal cultivating zones,this paper summarizes the monitoring and counting methods of carbon flux from four aspects:biology,water,sediment,and air-sea interface,to provide a reference basis for studying the principles and process of carbon sink from shellfish and algal cultivation.