青光眼发病机制相关分子信号通路的研究进展

Progress on molecular signal pathways related to the pathogenesis of glaucoma

青光眼是一种常见的神经退行性疾病,会导致不可逆的视力丧失,是目前全球范围内发病率仅次于白内障的、致盲率最高的眼部疾病。随着国内外分子生物学研究的进展,青光眼发病机制方向的研究也更加全面深入。本文主要对近年来与视网膜神经节细胞凋亡、视神经保护与再生、小梁网纤维化有关的分子信号通路在青光眼的发病中起到的作用进行了总结和探讨,以期为青光眼的干预和治疗提供新的靶点和思路。

Glaucoma is a common neurodegenerative disease that causes irreversible vision loss and becomes more prevalent with aging.With the progress of molecular biology research at home and abroad,the research on the pathogenesis of glaucoma is more comprehensive and in-depth.In this review,the molecular signaling pathways involved in the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells,the protection and regeneration of optic nerve,and the fibrosis of trabecular meshwork in the pathogenesis of glaucoma are summarized and discussed in order to provide new targets and ideas for the intervention and treatment of glaucoma.