红豆杉健康与感叶枯病针叶内生微生物多样性

Diversity of Endophytic Microorganisms in Healthy and Susceptible Leaf Blight Needles of Taxus cuspidata

采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术来探究人工林与天然林东北红豆杉(Taxus cuspidata)健康针叶与感叶枯病的病叶之间内生真菌和细菌群落结构的差异。结果表明,红豆杉针叶感病前后真菌的OTU(Operational Taxonomic Units)变化较小,细菌的OTU变化较大,天然林比人工林具有更多的真菌OTU数,细菌OTU数差距较小。4组样品中共有相同的真菌OTU 9个,占真菌OTU总数的9.37%,4组样品中共有相同的细菌OTU 34个,占细菌OTU总数的4.19%。在门水平下,感病前后样品中的真菌群落结构组成基本相同,差异较大的是相对多度,相比于天然林,子囊菌门(Ascomycota)在人工林中的相对多度更高,子囊菌门在4组样品占据绝对优势。感病前后样品中的细菌群落结构组成及相对多度都发生了较大变化,相比于天然林,人工林中细菌种类更多。在属水平下,Genolevuria属是人工林健康叶中最主要的优势真菌,穴壳属(Dothiora)是人工林病叶中最主要的优势真菌,Buckleyzyma属是天然林健康叶已知属中最主要的优势真菌,Genolevuria属是天然林病叶已知属中最主要的优势真菌。劳尔氏菌属(Ralstonia)是人工林健康叶中最主要的优势细菌,1174-901-12属是人工林病叶中最主要的优势细菌,鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)是天然林健康叶已知属中最主要的优势细菌,马赛菌属(Massilia)是天然林病叶已知属中最主要的优势细菌。推测出链格孢属(Alternaria)和盘双端毛孢属(Seimatosporium)可能会导致红豆杉的叶枯病。

Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the differences in endophytic fungal and bacterial community structure between healthy and diseased needles of Taxus cuspidata in artificial and natural forests.The results showed that the changes of fungal OTU(Operational Taxonomic Units)were small and the changes of bacterial OTU were large.The natural forest had more fungal OTU number than the artificial forest,and the difference of bacterial OTU number was smaller.There were 9 fungal OTUs in the four groups,accounting for 9.37%of the total fungal OTU.There were 34 identical bacterial OTUs in the four groups of samples,accounting for 4.19%of the total bacterial OTU.At the phylum level,the fungal community composition in the samples before and after infection was basically the same,but degree of relative abundance was significantly different.Compared with the natural forest,the relative abundance of Ascomycota was higher in the artificial forest.Ascomycota was dominant in the four groups of samples.The bacterial community structure and relative abundance changed greatly before and after infection.There were more bacterial species in artificial forests than in natural forests.At the genus level,Genolevuria was the most dominant fungus in healthy leaves of plantations.Dothiora was the most dominant fungus in diseased leaves of plantations,Buckleyzyma was the most dominant fungus in known genera of healthy leaves of natural forests.Genolevuria was the most dominant fungus in the known genera of diseased leaves in natural forests.Ralstonia was the most dominant bacteria in healthy leaves of plantations,1174-901-12 was the most dominant bacteria in diseased leaves of plantations,Sphingomonas was the most dominant bacteria in known genera of healthy leaves of natural forests.Massilia was the most dominant bacterium in the known genus of natural forest leaf disease.It was speculated that Alternaria and Seimatosporium may cause leaf blight of Taxus cuspidata.