基于BCW健康教育在老年高血压伴糖尿病中应用

Application of Health Education Based on BCW in Elderly Patients with Hypertension and Diabetes

目的评价基于行为改变理论(BCW)的健康教育在老年高血压合并糖尿病患者中的应用。方法选择2018年5月至2021年11月周口市中医院收治的130例老年高血压合并糖尿病住院患者,按随机数表法分为对照组(65例,接受常规健康教育)、BCW组(65例,实施基于BCW的健康教育)。比较两组血糖水平、血压水平、治疗依从性、疾病认知水平、自我管理能力与护理满意度。结果BCW组干预6个月后空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)、舒张压(DBP)、收缩压(SBP)低于对照组;BCW组治疗依从性(95.38%)高于对照组(81.54%);BCW组干预6个月后糖尿病、高血压、高血脂知识量表(DHL)、自我管理行为量表(SDSCA)、高血压患者自我行为管理测评量表(HPSMBRS)高于对照组;BCW组服务态度、健康宣教、关爱患者、工作能力评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于BCW的健康教育用于老年高血压合并糖尿病患者中的效果明显,可调控血糖、血压水平,提高治疗依从性与疾病认知,改善自我管理能力,且患者满意度高。

Objective To evaluate the application of health education based on behavior change theory(BCW)in elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes.Methods A total of 130 elderly inpatients with hypertension and diabetes admitted to Zhoukou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2018 to November 2021 were selected.According to the random number table method,they were divided into the control group(65 cases,who received routine health education)and the BCW group(65 cases,who received BCW-based health education).Blood glucose level,blood pressure level,treatment compliance,disease cognition level,self-management ability,and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results After 6 months of intervention,fasting blood glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 h PG),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),and systolic blood pressure(SBP)in the BCW group were lower than those in the control group.The treatment compliance of the BCW group(95.38%)was higher than that of the control group(81.54%).After 6 months of intervention,the knowledge scale of diabetes,hypertension,and hyperlipidemia(DHL),self-management behavior scale(SDSCA),and self-behavior management scale for patients with hypertension(HPSMBRS)in the BCW group were higher than those in the control group.The scores of service attitude,health education,care for patients,and workability in the BCW group were higher than those in the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusions Health education based on BCW has an obvious effect on elderly patients with hypertension combined with diabetes,which can regulate blood sugar and blood pressure,improve treatment compliance and disease cognition,improve self-management ability,and the patient satisfaction is high.