循环游离核酸在结直肠癌临床诊疗中的应用

Application of circulating cell-free nucleic acid in clinical diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer

结直肠癌(CRC)发病率逐年上升,早期诊断对改善患者预后意义重大。循环游离核酸(cfNA)具有无创、实时监测、克服肿瘤异质性等优势。对cfNA含量、突变、甲基化以及片段化模式等特征进行分析,为CRC的早期诊断、疗效监测、预后判断以及用药指导等方面提供了重要参考价值。但cfNA要实际应用于CRC的临床诊疗中还需解决检测技术未标准化、检测成本高、高诊断效能标志物的筛选以及多组合模型的构建等问题,这些挑战将为未来cfNA的研究提供新方向。

The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasing year by year,and early diagnosis is of great significance to improve the prognosis of patients.Circulating cell-free nucleic acid(cfNA)has the advantages of non-invasive,real-time monitoring,and overcoming tumor heterogeneity.The characteristics of cfNA content,mutation,methylation and fragmentation patterns provid important reference value for early diagnosis,curative effect monitoring,prognosis judgment and medication guidance of CRC.However,the practical application of cfNA in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CRC still needs to solve the problems of unstandardized detection technology,high detection cost,screening of markers with high diagnostic efficacy,and construction of multi-combination models.These challenges will provide new directions for future cfNA research.