我国职业院校“双师型”教师队伍建设的关键问题、推进困境及解决对策

Key Issues,Dilemmas,and Solutions for the Construction of“Double-Qualified”Teachers in Vocational Schools and Colleges in China

高素质、高水平的教师队伍是发展职业教育的第一资源,是支撑新时代国家职业教育改革的关键力量。“双师型”教师是职教教师队伍建设的特色和重点,我国职业教育教师队伍建设的系列政策为指导职教师资队伍的发展建设指明了方向。依托我国职业教育教师队伍建设的系列政策文件梳理出“双师型”教师队伍建设在师资来源、培养过程、专业发展三方面的关键问题,剖析当下教师队伍建设推进困境现状,提出加强职业教育学科建设,完善职教教师系统化顶层设计;以能力本位重塑“双师型”教师培养目标,创建点链面立体式培育格局;落实职前职后一体化培养,建立技术赋能、名师引领辐射长效机制等解决对策,为新时代职教“双师型”教师队伍建设工作提供借鉴。

High-quality and high-level teachers are the major resources for the development of vocational education and the key force to support the reform of national vocational education in the new era.“Double-qualified”teachers are the feature and focus of the construction of the vocational education teaching team.The promulgation of the new Vocational Education Law further points out the direction for development and construction of vocational education teaching team.Based on the new Vocational Education Law,we have sorted out the key problems of the construction of“double-qualified”teaching team in terms of the source of teachers,cultivation process,and professional development,and analyzed the dilemmas and status quo of the construction of teachers.A series of countermeasures are proposed:strengthening the construction of vocational education disciplines,improving the systematic top-level design of vocational college teachers;reshaping the cultivation goal of“double-qualified”teachers with the competence orientation,and creating a three-dimensional cultivation pattern of points,chains and surfaces;implementing the integrated cultivation of pre-vocational and post-vocational teachers,and establishing a long-term mechanism of technological empowerment,leading and radiating by famous teachers.This study provides reference for the construction of“double-qualified”teachers in the new era of vocational education.