某地地下水污染时空变化特征及来源分析

Analysis of the spatial and temporal variation characteristics and sources of groundwater pollution at a site

长期以来农业生产、工业活动、生活污水等污染物的大量排放,严重影响了当地的地下水环境。本文采用ArcGIS空间分析技术、相关矩阵分析、主成成分分析方法,对该区域的地下水的污染影响因素、潜在污染源及其时季的变化特征进行分析。结果显示:研究区“三氮”浓度(NO_(3)^(-)、NO_(2)^(-)、NH_(4)^(+))和Fe^(2+)、Mn^(2+)、Cl-、SO_(4)^(2-)浓度均超标,其中以NH_(4)^(+)浓度最高;地下水中NH_(4)^(+)和“三氮”的转化与土地利用类型、地下水Fe^(2+)、Mn^(2+)的分配、含水层氧化还原条件等因素有关。将ArcGIS与PCA技术相结合,有助于研究地下水的水质时空异质性,从而为地下水环境保护和污染控制提供科学的参考。

The massive discharge of pollutants from agricultural production,industrial activities and domestic sewage over a long period of time has seriously affected the local groundwater environment.This paper uses ArcGIS spatial analysis techniques,correlation matrix analysis and principal component analysis to analyse the pollution influencing factors,potential pollution sources and their seasonal variation characteristics of groundwater in the region.The results show that the concentrations of“tri-nitrogen”(NO_(3)^(-),NO_(2)^(-),NH_(4)^(+)and Fe^(2+),Mn^(2+),Cl^(-)and SO_(4)^(2-)in the study area exceeded the standard,with the highest concentration of NH_(4)^(+);The transformation of NH_(4)^(+)and‘tri-nitrogen'in groundwater is related to the type of land use,the distribution of Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)in groundwater and the redox conditions in the aquifer.Combining ArcGIS with PCA technology helps to study the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of groundwater quality,thus providing a scientific reference for groundwater environmental protection and pollution control.