我国东南沿海风暴潮灾害时空分布规律及可视化研究

Research on Spatial-Temporal Distribution and Visualization of Storm Surge in the Southeast Coast of China

中国是风暴潮灾害发生频率最高、损失最严重的国家之一,多年来,风暴潮灾害给我国东南沿海造成了巨大的经济损失和严重的人员伤亡。本研究整理了我国东南沿海1989—2018年的风暴潮灾害数据,对风暴潮灾害的时空分布规律进行了研究和分析。我国东海、南海沿岸受台风风暴潮灾害侵袭频次最高,渤海、黄海沿岸温带风暴潮灾害较为频繁,浙江、福建、广东三省受灾最严重。随着年代变化,在灾害频次总体上升的情况下,大灾减少,小灾增多,灾害损失整体上有所减少。研究结果表明,近年来我国风暴潮减灾防灾成效明显,目前的灾害时空分布格局可以进一步从宏观层面指导风暴潮灾害应对工作。

China is one of the countries which are hit most frequently and seriously by storm surge disasters.Over the years,storm surge disasters have caused huge economic losses and serious casualties to the southeast coast of China.This article compiles storm surge disaster data from 1989 to 2018 of the southeast coast of China,studies and analyzes the space-time distribution rule.Coastal cities of East China Sea and South China Sea suffer from the most frequent attacks of Typhoon storm surge disasters,while coastal cities of Bohai Sea and Yellow sea suffer from the most frequent attacks of extratropical storm surge disasters.Zhejiang,Fujian and Guangdong are the most severely affected areas.As the years pass,the frequency of surge disasters is increasing,while serious ones are reducing,and the losses are decreasing.The results show that the disaster mitigation and prevention of storm surges in China has achieved remarkable effects in recent years,and the current spatial-temporal distribution pattern of disasters can further guide the disaster response from the macro level.