个人信息复制权的实践检视与理论完善——基于52个APP复制权行使实验的考察

Practical inspection and theoretical perfection of personal information reproduction right——An investigation based on the experiment of exercising reproduction right in 52 apps

当前,不管是在学术研究中还是在实践应用中,个人信息复制权都陷入了困顿和颦蹙的局面。为此,必须对其进行语义分析以了解其基本内涵,并从其与相近权利诸如查阅权、可携带权的比较当中进一步明确其外延。个人信息复制权的确立对于维护个人信息权益具有重大价值和关键作用,而对个人信息复制权的权利主体、权利客体、行使程序、行使限制和侵权责任的明晰,则有助于指引信息主体的行为、促进信息处理者的合规、保障司法适用的展开。以52款APP的隐私政策为考察对象,文本中的个人信息复制权存在缺位、迷失、简约、差异和限制五个现象。以特定APP的复制权实验结果为样本,实践中的个人信息复制权则呈现出异化、限制、萎缩、杂乱和迅速五个特点。基于此,个人信息复制权在理论层面、文本层面和实践层面之间的张力、背离和矛盾进一步揭示:明确客体范围、厘定权利边界、完善救济程序已经成为个人信息复制权发展完善的应有之义和必要之举。

Whether in academic research or in practical application,the right to reproduce personal information is in a difficult and awkward situation.Therefore,it is necessary to make a semantic analysis to understand its basic connotation and further clarify its extension from the comparison with similar rights such as the right of inspection and the right of portability.In the dimension of personal information rights and interests,the establishment of personal information reproduction right is of great value and far-reaching significance for safeguarding the information rights and interests of information subjects.The clarity of the subject,object,procedure,restriction and tort liability of personal information right will help to guide the behavior of information subjects,promote the compliance of information processors and ensure the development of judicial application.Taking the privacy policies of 52 apps as the object of investigation,there are five phenomena in the text,such as absence,loss,simplicity,difference and restriction.Taking the experimental results of the reproduction right of specific apps as a sample,the reproduction right of personal information in practice presents five characteristics:alienation,restriction,atrophy,disorder and rapidity.Then the tension,deviation and contradiction between the right to reproduce personal information in theory,the right to reproduce personal information in text and the right to reproduce personal information in practice inspire us that it is necessary to define the object scope,the right boundary and improve the relief procedure of the right to reproduce personal information.