树之语:中世纪英国文学中的植物启示

The Language of Trees:Phytognosis in Medieval English Literature

中世纪英国文学中出现了许多对树木的描写或指涉,彰显出人们从中获得的启示和特定树木的不同含义。从善恶树的书写、十字架的组成和人-树一体化等方面分析探讨相关树木的再现方式、优势树种出现的原因,可挖掘出其在文化传承和情感表达方面的作用。中世纪英国作家通过挖掘人和树的关系展现出树木本身具备的语言特征和人类相应的回应和交流过程,进行文化代码的转换时展示了“植物启示”的内涵和文化的流动性特点。

In medieval English literature,there exist many descriptions about or references to trees,which highlight people's sense of“phytognosis”and different implications of certain trees.Through an analysis of the writings about“the Tree of Good and Evil,”the formation of the Holy Cross,and the man-tree unity,this article aims to explore the ways in which the relevant trees are represented,the reasons for the popularity of superior trees,and their roles in cultural inheritance and emotional expressions.By delving into the man-tree relationship,medieval English writers not only decode the trees'own language characteristics and the process in which humans respond to and communicate with them,but also unveil the connotation of“phytognosis”and the mobility of culture while converting the cultural code.