60岁以上老年人新冠疫苗接种不良反应及对基础疾病的影响

Adverse reaction after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and its impact on underlying diseases in the elderly people over 60 years old

目的分析60岁以上老年人接种新型冠状病毒疫苗(新冠疫苗)不同针次后的不良反应及对既往基础疾病的影响,探讨接种新冠疫苗的安全性及耐受性。方法通过调查问卷及电话回访的方式,收集2021年7月至2022年7月南京江北新区接种科兴新冠灭活疫菌(Vero细胞)的60岁以上老人2103例的基本资料,疫苗接种情况,接种后30 min、1 d、3 d、7 d、14 d的不良反应及副作用。根据有无基础疾病分为对照组(无基础疾病,n=1346)、慢性病组(有基础疾病,n=757),比较两组老年人疫苗接种后不良反应的差异及对基础疾病的影响。结果本次调查的2103例中仅有86例(4.09%)接种后存在一种或多种不良反应,而最常见的局部不良反应是注射部位疼痛(2.48%),最常见的全身不良反应是疲劳(0.24%),其次是发热(0.14%)和头痛(0.19%)。所有不良反应均为轻度(1级或2级)和自限性。多因素logistic回归分析示,既往是否合并基础疾病、是否吸烟、疫苗接种针次均对接种后的不良反应无影响(P>0.05)。结论健康状况稳定、药物控制良好的60岁以上老年人群接种新冠疫苗不良反应发生率低,安全性高。

Objective To analyze the adverse reactions of novel coronavirus vaccine(SARS-CoV-2 vaccine)and the impact on previous underlying diseases after different vaccination numbers in the elderly over 60 years old,and to explore the safety and tolerance of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.Methods By means of a questionnaire survey and telephone return visit,the basic information were collected among 2103 elderly people over 60 years old who were vaccinated with Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine(Vero cell)in Jiangbei New District of Nanjing from July 2021 to July 2022.They were divided into control group(without basic diseases,n=1346)and chronic disease group(with basic diseases,n=757)according to whether there were basic diseases or not.At 30 minutes,1-,3-,7-and 14-day after vaccination,the adverse reactions and the impacts on the underlying diseases were observed and compared between two groups.Results Out of 2103 persons surveyed,only 86(4.09%)subjects had one or more adverse reactions after vaccination.The most common local and systemic adverse reactions were pain at the injection site(2.48%)and fatigue(0.24%),followed by fever(0.14%)and headache(0.19%).All adverse reactions were mild(grade 1 or 2)and self-limiting.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that previous underlying diseases,smoking and vaccination numbers had no significant impacts on adverse reactions after vaccination(P>0.05).Conclusion The incidence of adverse reactions after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is low,and the safety is high for the elderly over 60 years old with stable health and good drug control.