非热加工技术辅助水酶法提取植物油脂的研究进展

Research Progress in Non-thermal Processing Assisted Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction of Vegetable Oil

水酶法提取植物油脂是一种基于水提法的新兴现代油脂提取技术,其原理主要是利用生物酶的酶解作用破坏油料细胞的细胞壁,从而促进油脂释放。与传统的压榨和溶剂提取的提油方法相比,水酶法工艺简单,安全环保,且作用条件相对温和,更有利于保留油脂中的营养成分。为了进一步提高水酶法提油的效率,许多学者从多方面开展了研究,其中非热加工技术的应用是重要的研究方向之一。本文从原料预处理、破乳方法、辅助技术三方面总结了几种典型的非热加工技术在提高水酶法提油效率中的国内外研究进展,深入探讨了其中的机理机制,为提高水酶法提油效率、降低水酶法成本、拓展水酶法提取植物油的工业化应用提供了参考。

Aqueous-enzymatic extraction(AEE)is an emerging modern technique for vegetable oil extraction based on aqueous extraction.The main principle is destring the cell wall of oil plants by enzymatic hydrolysis to promote the release of oil.AEE is simpler,safer and more environmentally friendly compared with the traditional methods,such as pressing and organic solvent extraction.The operation conditions is mild,which is more conductive to the retention of nutrients in the oils.For further improvement of AEE efficiency,many researchers have explored from many aspects,among which the application of non-thermal processing technology is one of the important research directions.Therefore,in order to comprehensively and systematically understand the process of AEE,this work summarized the research progress of several typical non-thermal processing techniques in improving the efficiency of AEE at home and abroad from three aspects:raw material pretreatment,demulsification methods and assistant methods.The mechanism involved was deeply discussed.It provides a reference for improving the efficiency,reducing the cost and expanding the industrial application of AEE in vegetable oil extraction.