在排距与同情之间:《中外日报》对待革命党的态度辨析

Between Exclusion and Compassion:An Analysis of the Attitude of Sino Foreign Daily towards the Revolutionary Party

学术界论及《中外日报》与革命党的关系问题时,往往会聚焦于它与革命派报纸《苏报》的那场论战。虽然这只是该报与革命党多年交往关系中的一部分,但却直接固化了它“反对革命党”的形象。另外,受其创办人汪康年及该报立宪性质的影响,学界似乎已经情绪化地将它视为落后保守的反革命报纸。事实上,《中外日报》主笔更替、历时弥长,随着清季的局势变幻,其对革命党的看法并非局限于某个单一的视角,而是经历了一个复杂而多元的过程。本文认为《中外日报》对革命党除了反对之外,还有同情和理解等诸多复杂的情感,但这种同情也并非纯粹,而是含有追求立宪的“杂质”。这对于人们立体、客观地认识和评价《中外日报》,并且揭示以《中外日报》为代表的立宪派与革命派之间错综复杂的关系,无疑具有十分重要的意义。

When the academic circles discuss the relationship between Sino Foreign Daily and the revolutionary party,they often focus on the controversy between Sino Foreign Daily and the revolutionary newspaper Su Newspaper.Although this is only a part of the long-term relationship between the newspaper and the revolutionary party,it has directly solidified its image of"opposing the revolutionary party".In addition,influenced by its founder,Wang Kangnian,and its constitutional nature,the academic community seems to have emotionally regarded it as a backward and conservative counter revolutionary newspaper.In fact,the main writers of Sino Foreign Daily have changed constantly,and the Sino Foreign Daily lasted for a long time.With the changing situation in the last years of the Qing Dynasty,its views on the revolutionary party were not limited to a single perspective,but experienced a complex and diverse process.This paper argues that in addition to its opposition to the revolutionary party,Sino Foreign Daily also has many complex feelings such as sympathy and understanding,but this sympathy is not pure,but contains"impurities"in the pursuit of constitutionalism.This is undoubtedly of great significance for people to understand and evaluate Sino Foreign Daily stereoscopically and objectively,and to reveal the intricate relationship between the constitutionalists represented by Sino Foreign Dailyand revolutionaries.