不同变体方式下的巡飞导弹空气动力特性研究

Study on aerodynamic characteristics of loitering missiles with different morphing forms

变体巡飞导弹是一种很有发展潜力的新型导弹,可用于初段反导及反预警机(AWACS)作战等。为确保变体巡飞导弹满足任务所需的续航和高速突防要求,文中在参考了美国“战斧(BGM-109 Tomahawk)”巡航导弹部分参数的基础上,通过改进导弹的气动外形,设计并建立了巡飞导弹模型;在分析可能的变体方式基础上,着重从变后掠翼、折叠翼变体和伸缩翼变体3种方式进行了导弹外形设计,并利用Fluent软件仿真计算不同变体状态、不同飞行马赫数时的升阻比、升力系数和阻力系数,再用Tecplot软件对仿真结果进行后处理,从而直观分析不同变体方式的空气动力特性。通过对仿真计算数据进行综合比较,给出了3种变体方式导弹的使用建议,并提出了后续实物静力加载和风洞试验等研究内容,为变体巡飞导弹的设计与实现提供了参考依据。

Morphing loitering missile,as a new type of missile with great potential,is used for the initial phase of missile defense or anti-AWACS operation,and so on.In this article,in order to ensure that the morphing loitering missile has desirable endurance and high-speed penetration required by various missions,efforts are made to design and set up the model of the loitering missile by improving its aerodynamic shape,with reference to some parameters of the American BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missile.Through the analysis on different morphing forms,the missile is subject to shape design from three perspectives:variable swept wing,folding wing and telescopic wing.The Fluent software is used to simulate and calculate the lift-drag ratio,the lift coefficient,and the drag coefficient in different morphing states and with various flight Mach numbers.Then,the Tecplot software is used for post-processing,in order to intuitively explore the aerodynamic characteristics of different morphing forms.The results obtained from simulation and calculation are compared in a comprehensive manner;the some suggestions for use of three missiles of different morphing forms are given.The following research such as physical static loading and wind tunnel is proposed,thus providing reference for design and implementation of loitering missiles with different morphing forms.