未成年人罪错行为分级处遇机制的法理逻辑与规则展开

The Legal Logic and Rule Development of the Grading and Handling Mechanism for Juvenile Delinquency and Misconduct

未成年人罪错行为分级处遇制度对于未成年人的犯罪预防意义深远。基于社会联系理论下联结关系的修复、国家亲权理论的强势介入和未成年人能力发展理论下及时干预的三维考量,结合儿童利益最大化保障和少年司法独立化的现实需求,未成年人罪错行为分级处遇制度存在强有力的理论支撑。但遗憾的是,当前该制度在罪错行为分级依据、处遇措施、处遇程序等方面均存在不敷适用之处,亟待考量。完善思路上,首先,应将最有利于未成年人保护原则、处遇个别化原则、社会参与原则作为基本理念;其次,明确罪错行为分级的理论依据;再次,细化未成年人责任年龄与危害行为;最后,通过家庭教育、国家监督与社会服务完善未成年人罪错处遇配套机制。

The graded punishment system for juvenile delinquency has profound significance for the prevention of juvenile delinquency.Based on the repair of connections under the theory of social connections,the strong intervention of national parental power theory,and the three-dimensional consideration of timely intervention under the theory of minors'ability development,combined with the practical needs of maximizing the protection of children's interests and the independence of juvenile justice,there is strong theoretical support for the grading and punishment system of juvenile delinquency.Unfortunately,there are inadequacies in the current system in terms of the classification basis,handling measures,and handling procedures for wrongdoing,which urgently need to be considered.In terms of improving the thinking,first of all,the principles that are most conducive to the protection of minors,the principle of individualized treatment,and the principle of social participation should be taken as the basic concepts;secondly,clarify the theoretical basis for the classification of criminal and wrongful acts;in addition,refine the age of responsibility and harmful behavior of minors;finally,through family education,national supervision,and social services,we will improve the supporting mechanism for the punishment of juvenile delinquency.