不同类型日常生活活动能力与老年人抑郁的关联

The relationship between different types of daily living abilities and depression among older adults

目的了解中国老年人抑郁及日常生活能力现状,并分析两者的联系。方法选取2018年7月10日—9月13日中国健康与养老追踪调查中60岁及以上老年人,运用χ^(2)检验和logistic回归分析模型探索日常生活能力对老年人抑郁的影响。结果中国老年人抑郁检出率为43.82%;基本日常生活自理能力(basic activity of daily living,BADL)受损率为8.78%;工具性日常生活自理能力(instrumental activity of daily living,IADL)受损率为25.82%。BADL(OR=1.621,95%CI:1.304~2.016,P<0.001)、IADL(OR=1.520,95%CI:1.321~1.748,P<0.001)受损老年人抑郁可能性较高。IADL受损对不同地域老年人抑郁皆有影响,而BADL受损对中部地域老年人抑郁作用不明显。结论日常生活能力受损老年人抑郁的可能性较高。建议将心理健康服务融入失能老年人的照护体系,配置相应的养老资源时注重地域差异。

Objective This study seeks to understand the current situation of depression and the level of daily living abilities in China′s elderly population,and to analyze their interconnection.Methods We selected individuals aged 60 years and above from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study between 10th July to 13th September in 2018.Chi-square test and logistic regression models were used to explore the effect of daily living ability on depression among the elderly.Results Our study revealed that 43.82%of Chinese elders experienced symptoms of depression.Furthermore,the rates of impaired basic activities of daily living(BADL)and impaired instrumental activities of daily living(IADL)were 8.78%and 25.82%,respectively.Elderly individuals with impaired BADL(OR=1.621,95%CI:1.304-2.016,P<0.001)and IADL(OR=1.520,95%CI:1.321-1.748,P<0.001)demonstrated a higher propensity towards depression.Notably,IADL impairment influenced depression rates among the elderly across various regions,whereas BADL impairment showed no discernible effect on depression rates in middle-aged seniors.Conclusions Declining daily living abilities increase the likelihood of depression among the elderly.Accordingly,attention should be paid to the mental health status of elderly groups with disabilities,and regional disparities should be considered when allocating resources for senior care.