中国台湾历史教科书中“台湾意识”话语流变及其影响

The Semantic Evolution and Influence of "Taiwan Consciousness"Discourse in Taiwan,China History Textbooks

70多年来,中国台湾地区的历史教科书几经调整,以乡土史面貌出现的“中国台湾史”最终取代了“中国史”的原有地位,“中国台湾”从一个单纯的中国地名演变为一个与“中国”并立甚至对立的主体性代名词,“台湾意识”由乡土情感异化为政治认同。中国台湾历史教科书中“台湾意识”的话语流变,只是中国台湾当局重塑民众身份认同这一复杂系统工程的其中一环,其严重扭曲两岸共有的历史文化记忆、促成中国台湾各派政治势力“去中国化”历史叙事主流化、刻意重构了中国台湾的历史悲情。但无论中国台湾当局如何“去中国化”,中国台湾教科书调整、社会变迁始终内在于“中国”的历史语境中。

Over the past 70 years,Taiwan,China history textbooks have been adjusted several times,and the original status of"Chinese history"has finally been replaced by"Taiwan,China history"with the appearance of local history,"Taiwan,China"has changed from a simple Chinese place name to a subjective pronoun which stands side by side with or even opposite to"China".The changing discourse of"Taiwan,China consciousness"in Taiwan,China history textbooks is just one part of a complex systematic project by the authorities to reshape residents'identity,it seriously distorts the historical and cultural memory shared by both sides of the Taiwan,China Strait,promotes"de-sinicization"of the historical narrative of Taiwan's,China political forces,and deliberately reconstructs Taiwan's,China historical tragedy.However,no matter how much the Taiwan authorities'"de-sinicization"is,the adjustment of textbooks and social changes in Taiwan,China are always inherent in the historical context of"China".