鏡湖醫院新型冠狀病毒感染死亡風險的相關因素分析

Mortality-related risk factors of COVID-19 in Kiang Wu Hospital

目的通過分析本院新冠病人死亡的相關危險因素,提高新冠的臨床防治策略。方法本研究是一項回顧性研究。收集本院2022年12月15日~2023年1月31日新冠病人出院的資料數據,共納入1,005名新冠病人進行分析。結果新冠死亡病人合併高血壓病、Ⅱ型糖尿病、冠心病、慢性腎衰竭、癌症、失智症及COPD分別為65.49%、33.10%、15.49%、12.68%、7.75%及4.23%。存活者中,465名病人(53.88%)曾接種新冠疫苗。在多變項邏輯式回歸中,男性病人增加新冠死亡風險[OR=1.65,95%C.I.1.11~2.44]。年齡越大(60~69、70~79、≧80)的病人增加新冠死亡風險[OR分別為14.31、26.98及54.77,95%C.I.分別為3.03~67.49、6.17~117.93及12.85~233.43]。患有慢性腎衰竭或癌症的病人亦增加新冠死亡風險[OR分別為1.77及3.43,95%C.I.分別為1.01~3.10及1.76~6.69]。接種3劑或以上新冠疫苗的病人有效降低新冠死亡風險[OR=0.49,95%C.I.0.28~0.85]。結論男性、年齡越大及患有基礎病的病人(慢性腎衰竭或癌症)會增加新冠感染死亡的風險,建議上述風險的病人及時接種新冠疫苗,能有效預防重症及死亡。

Objective It is hoped that analyzing the risk factors related to the death of COVID-19-infected patients in our hospital can be used to develop a prevention and treatment strategy for COVID-19.Methods In this retrospective study,we included patients with COVID-19 from Kiang Wu Hospital.Clinical data were collected from medical records from 15 December 2022 to 31 January 2023.A total of 1,005 COVID-19-infected patients were analyzed.Results The deaths of COVID-19-infected patients with hypertension,type 2 diabetes,coronary heart disease,chronic kidney failure,cancer,dementia and COPD were 65.49%,33.10%,15.49%,12.68%,7.75%and 4.23%,respectively.In multiple logistic regression,male sex was associated with an increased risk of death from COVID-19(OR=1.65,95%C.I.1.11-2.44).Older age(60-69,70-79,≥80)was associated with an increased risk of death from COVID-19(ORs are 14.31,26.98 and 54.77,respectively,and 95%C.I.are 3.03-67.49,6.17-117.93 and 12.85-233.43,respectively).Patients with chronic kidney failure or cancer had an increased risk of death from COVID-19[ORs were 1.77 and 3.43,95%C.I.were 1.01-3.10 and 1.76-6.69,respectively].Patients who received 3 or more doses of COVID-19 vaccine effectively had a reduced risk of death from COVID-19[OR=0.49,95%C.I.0.28-0.85].Conclusion Men,older age,and patients with chronic diseases(chronic kidney failure or cancer)have an increased risk of death from COVID-19.It is recommended that patients with relevant risk factors be vaccinated in time,which can effectively prevent severe events and death.