阿尔茨海默病磁共振脑灌注成像研究进展

Research progress of magnetic resonance cerebral perfusion imaging in Alzheimer's disease

目前阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)被认为是包括主观认知下降(subjective cognitive decline,SCD)、轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)及AD源性痴呆的连续性AD谱系(AD spectrum,ADS)疾病。研究证实血管损伤、血脑屏障破坏参与了ADS疾病发病、发展过程,MR灌注成像通过定量分析脑血流变化能较好地显示这些病理改变,部分异常灌注脑区的影像指标可作为其早期诊断的生物标志物。本文对现阶段MR灌注成像技术特点及其在AD谱系疾病的应用研究作了总结分析,以期为后续相关的MR灌注成像研究提供一些参考,同时提出融合多模态MRI可提供更多反映疾病生物学改变的影像信息,为ADS疾病早期无创诊断提供影像学客观依据。

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is currently considered to be a continuous AD spectrum(ADS)disease that includes subjective cognitive decline(SCD),mild cognitive impairment(MCI),and AD-derived dementia.Studies have confirmed that vascular injury and destruction of blood-brain barrier are involved in the onset and development of AD spectrum(ADS)disease.MR perfusion imaging can better display these pathological changes through quantitative analysis of cerebral blood flow changes,and image indicators of some abnormal perfusion brain areas can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis.This paper summarizes and analyzes the characteristics of MR perfusion imaging technology at the present stage and its application research in ADS diseases,in order to provide some references for MR perfusion imaging in subsequent relevant studies.Meanwhile,it is proposed that fusion multimodal MRI can provide more imaging information reflecting the biological changes of the disease,and provide an objective imaging basis for the early non-invasive diagnosis of ADS diseases.