MRI影像组学在乳腺癌新辅助化疗中的应用进展

Application progress of MRI radiomics in breast cancer of neoadjuvant chemotherapy

乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病率和死亡率呈逐年上升趋势。新辅助化疗(neoadjuvant chemotherapy,NAC)已成为当前乳腺癌综合治疗中重要组成部分,不同类型乳腺癌对NAC治疗后的反应、预后不同。磁共振(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)影像组学可以从MRI图像中提取大量定量特征,结合高通量计算对数据进行分析,获取全面的肿瘤信息并应用于乳腺癌NAC疗效的预测及评价。近年来有大量研究探讨了影像组学在乳腺癌NAC中的临床应用,包括预测乳腺癌分子亚型、对NAC的反应、预后因素及复发风险。由于缺乏统一的标准化定义及可重复性限制了影像组学的临床应用,但MRI影像组学仍具有广阔的发展前景。本文旨在将对MRI影像组学在乳腺癌NAC疗效和预后中的应用进展、面临的问题及应用前景进行综述,为乳腺癌精准化治疗决策提供新思路。

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women,with an increasing incidence and mortality rate.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)has become an important component of comprehensive treatment for breast cancer,with different types of breast cancer exhibiting varying responses and prognoses after NAC.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)radiomics can extract a large number of quantitative features from MRI images and analyze the data using high-throughput computing,providing comprehensive tumor information for predicting and evaluating the efficacy of NAC in breast cancer.In recent years,numerous studies have explored the clinical applications of radiomics in breast cancer NAC,including predicting breast cancer molecular subtypes,NAC response,prognostic factors,and risk of recurrence.The lack of standardized definitions and limited reproducibility have hindered the clinical application of radiomics,but MRI radiomics still holds great potential for development.This article aims to review the progress,challenges,and prospects of applying MRI radiomics in the assessment of NAC efficacy and prognosis in breast cancer,providing new insights for precision treatment decision-making.