举步维艰的日本经济:现状、症结与展望

Japan’s Struggling Economy:Current Situation,Problems and Prospects

虽然当前日本经济继续保持着恢复基调,但复苏的速度比较缓慢。受全球通胀和日元贬值等因素的影响,日本国内物价显著上涨,对居民消费和企业投资形成较大压力;由于进口价格大幅上升,对外贸易持续逆差,并带动经常账户盈余明显缩水;就业形势有所改善,但工资涨幅低于物价上涨幅度。日本经济的萎靡不振与复苏艰难并非始于三年疫情影响,而是泡沫崩溃后长期慢性衰退的延续。超低的经济增长率导致社会总收入增加缓慢,经济活力下挫,带来一系列连锁反应。从中长期来看,随着外部经济环境趋于改善,日本国内也在做出适应性调整,但是,日本经济和社会的深层次结构性问题难以解决,恐难摆脱慢性衰退。

Although Japan’s economy continues to maintain a recovery tone,the pace of recovery is relatively slow.Affected by factors such as high global inflation and rapid depreciation of Japanese yen,domestic prices in Japan have significantly increased,exerting huge pressure on household consumption and corporate investment.Due to the rising import prices,there has been a sustained deficit in foreign trade and a significant reduction in current account surplus.The employment sit‐uation has improved.However,the wage increase is lower than inflation.Japan’s economic diffi‐culties are not only due to the impact of the COVID19 epidemic in the past three years,but also the continuation of the long-term recession after the collapse of the Bubble Economy.The extremely low economic growth rate leads to a slow increase in total social income,which leads to a decline in economic vitality and a series of reactions.In the medium to long term,the external economic envi‐ronment is gradually improving,and the Japanese government is also making adaptive adjustments.However,the deep-seated structural problems of Japanese economy and society are difficult to solve.with the inevitable slow recession.