残矿矿柱回采方案数值模拟与优化研究

Numerical simulation and optimization of recovery scheme for residual ore pillars

为提高柴胡栏子金矿I-4号残矿资源利用率,提出4种残矿矿柱回收方案;基于结构力学模型和ABAQUS有限元软件对4种方案下间柱及顶底柱回收的应力位移时空演化特征进行分析,得到不同矿柱留设方案回采率、位移特征、应力-应变演化规律和塑性应变变化。研究结果表明:随着残矿回采充填,矿柱上应力逐渐向充填体转移,充填区域应力场变为拉应力,间柱上和顶底柱转折处易发生应力集中现象,造成塑形破坏;开采前位移小于0.01 m,开采后顶板垂直位移对开采稳定性的影响比水平位移显著,位移在25~60 cm间变化且最大位移出现在中部区域。利用模糊综合评判法对整体残矿柱回收方案进行优化选择,得到Z型加2个竖条型支撑矿柱回采方案为最佳方案。

In order to improve the utilization rate of the residual ore resources of the Chai gold mine I-4,four residual ore pillar recovery options were proposed.Based on the structural mechanics model and ABAQUS finite element software,temporal evolution characteristics of stress and displacement of the inter-pillar and top-bottom pillar recovery with the four options were analyzed,and the recovery rate,displacement characteristics,stress-strain evolution law and plastic zone changes of different ore column retention options were obtained.The results show that with the filling of the residual ore recovery,the stress on the ore pillar gradually shifts to the filling body.The stress field in the filling area changes to tensile stress,and stress concentration is prone to occur on the inter-pillar and at the turn of the top and bottom pillars,causing plastic damage.The displacement before mining is less than 0.01 m,after mining the vertical displacement of the roof has a significant impact on the stability of the quarry than the horizontal displacement,the displacement varies between 25-60 cm and the maximum displacement occurs in the central region.The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to optimize the overall residual ore column recovery solution,and the Z-shaped plus two vertical support columns recovery solution is obtained as the recovery solution to maximize the residual ore resources.