基于区块链的双分支结构扩展模型

Blockchain-based Dual-branch Structure Expansion Model

随着区块链技术的迅速发展,区块链面临着存储开销和数据吞吐率方面的可扩展性挑战。受全体一致性共识原则影响,区块链节点需存储整个区块链的全局账本,数据存储开销大;同时,为维持区块内交易一致和可信,区块链网络中所有节点均需参与到交易验证同步中,导致网络中区块同步延迟高,带宽征用受阻,进一步降低了数据吞吐量。针对这些问题,提出了一种基于区块链的双分支结构扩展模型。首先,建立区块链三元存储扩展结构,节点对存储任务进行精准划分,分别存储区块链的单一、部分、全局账本,有效降低节点存储负担。其次,提出双分支结构模型,将主链进行信息分流,通过多通道子链并行存储数据,显著提升数据存储速率。针对分流后子链存在的兼容问题,引入双向轮换机制实现链式结构间融合过渡;针对分流后子链安全问题,提出赌徒扩展-F、赌徒扩展-S策略,对两种链式结构进行模拟安全攻击,并对攻击过程进行数学建模。最后,构建两个模型的安全性约束,验证双分支模型的安全性。实验结果表明,所提双分支结构扩展模型能有效抵御恶意双花攻击,且在存储开销、数据吞吐率方面有很大优势。

With the rapid development of blockchain technology,blockchain faces scalability challenges in terms of storage overhead and data throughput.The blockchain is affected by the consensus principle of overall consensus,and the global ledger of the entire blockchain needs to be stored between nodes,and the data storage overhead is high.At the same time,in order to maintain the consistency and credibility of transactions within the block,all nodes participate in the process of transaction verification and synchronization,the block synchronization delay in the peer-to-peer network is high.And the bandwidth requisition is blocked,which further reduces the data throughput.In response to these problems,this paper proposes a blockchain-based dual-branch structure expansion model.First,a ternary storage expansion structure of the blockchain is established.The nodes accurately divide the storage tasks and store the single,partial,and global ledger of the blockchain,which effectively reduces the storage burden of the nodes.Secondly,a dual-branch structure model is proposed,the main chain is divided into multi-channel sub-chains.And data is stored in parallel through multi-channel sub-chains,which significantly improves the data storage rate.Aiming at the compatibility problem of sub-chains after shunting,a two-way rotation mechanism is introduced to realize the fusion transition between chain structures.For the security problem of sub-chains after shunting,the gambler extension-F and gambler extension-S strategies are proposed to simulate the security attack of the two chain structures,and the mathematical modeling of the attack process is carried out.Finally,constructing the security constraints of the two models to verify the security of the dual-branch model.Experiments show that the dual-branch structure expansion model proposed in this paper can effectively resist malicious double-spending attacks,and has great advantages in storage overhead and data throughput.