中国省际贸易隐含碳及其城乡流通格局分析

Embodied Carbon Emissions and Its Spatial Patterns of Urban-rural Flow in China′s Inter-provincial Trade

开展省际贸易隐含碳流通研究,有助于揭示区级贸易的异地环境影响,识别并划分碳减排责任,对于区域协同减排、公平发展具有重要理论和实践意义。基于2017年中国区域间投入产出表及各省(区、市)能源消费数据,利用环境拓展的投入产出模型,在分析省际贸易隐含碳流通格局的基础上,进一步揭示城乡贸易隐含碳的空间格局和流通路径。研究表明:①贸易隐含碳的输入和输出具有较大的省际差异,净输入区域主要包括华东和西南地区,净输出区域主要集中在华北、东北和西北地区;②贸易隐含碳排放主要从第二产业发达或能源资源富集的经济欠发达地区向经济发达地区流动;③省际贸易隐含碳流通路径相对集中,城镇间贸易隐含碳流通格局与省际的基本一致,而农村间隐含碳贸易体量较小,碳排放路径较为分散;④从全国尺度看,城镇是贸易隐含碳输入的热点区域,而农村则是碳输出的主要源区。各省(区、市)农村输入城镇的贸易隐含碳量明显大于城镇输入农村的贸易隐含碳量,这表明农村在城乡贸易中承担了较大的碳排放压力,建议未来应进一步优化区域生产布局、提升贸易流通效率,并基于区域隐含碳开展省域及城乡之间的横向碳补偿,推动区域之间的协同减排和城乡公平发展。

The study on embodied carbon emissions flow in inter-provincial trade can reveal the remote environmental im-pact in inter-regional trade,identifying and dividing the responsibilities of carbon emissions reduction,and has important theoretical and practical significance for regional collaborative emissions reduction and equitable development.By environ-mentally extended input-output model,using multi-region input-output table of China in 2017 and energy consumption data,on the basis of analyzing the spatial patterns of embodied carbon emissions flow in China′s inter-provincial trade,it further revealed that the spatial patterns and flow paths of embodied carbon emissions in China′s inter-provincial urban-rural trade.The results are as follows.Firstly,there are significant differences in the import and export of embodied carbon in trade,East and Southwest China are found to be net importers of trade-embodied carbon,while north,northeast and Northwest China are net exporters of trade-embodied carbon.Secondly,embodied carbon mostly transfers from the areas with devel-oped secondary industries or resource-rich but economically underdeveloped regions to economically developed regions.Thirdly,the embodied carbon flow paths in urban-rural trade are relatively concentrated,the flow paths of embodied carbon emissions in inter-urban trade are basically consistent with those in inter-regional trade,the volume of embodied carbon trade among rural areas is small,and the carbon emissions paths are relatively scattered.Finally,at the national scale,the hotspots of embodied carbon import are urban areas,while rural areas are the major source of embodied carbon export.The embodied carbon trade volume from rural areas to urban areas is larger than that from urban areas to rural areas,these indi-cat that rural areas bear greater pressures to reduce carbon emissions in inter-provincial urban-rural trade.It is recommen-ded that in the future,the regional layout of trade production is further optimized,and the efficiency of trade flow should be improved.At the same time,the research on provincial and urban-rural horizontal carbon compensation based on regional embodied carbon has an important significance for promoting regional collaborative emissions reduction and urban-rural eq-uitable development.