突发公共卫生事件下医务人员职业倦怠现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis of occupational burnout status and its influencing factors in medical staff under public health emergency

目的:了解突发公共卫生事件下医务人员职业倦怠现况,分析其相关影响因素。方法:整群抽取2020年4月1日至30日某三甲医院404名医务人员,采用Maslach职业倦怠量表对医务人员进行调查,采用Logistic回归分析影响医务人员职业倦怠的因素。结果:404名医务人员有职业倦怠者305名(75.50%),其中轻度231名,中度49名,重度25名。Maslach职业倦怠量表3个维度中情绪耗竭、去人格化倾向、个人成就感降低得分分别为(16.85±7.79)、(16.85±7.79)、(25.35±9.26)分。Logistic回归分析结果显示,日工作时间过长、高文化程度和较高收入是影响医务人员职业倦怠的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论:医务人员在突发公共卫生事件期间存在轻度职业倦怠,建议合理安排工作时间,定期开展心理培训,加强健康教育,预防职业倦怠发生。

Objective:To understand the status of occupational burnout among medical staff and its influencing factors during public health emergency.Methods:A total of 404 medical staff in a tertiary grade-A hospital were selected by cluster sampling from Apr 1 to 30,2020.The Maslach burnout inventory was used to investigate the status of research objects.Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of occupational burnout.Results:The detection rate of burnout was 75.50%(305/404).The proportions of mild,moderate and severe level of occupational burnout were 57.18%(231/404),12.13%(49/404)and 6.19%(25/404),respectively.The scores of three dimensions(emotional burnout,depersonalization and personal accomplishment)were 6.85±7.79,16.85±7.79 and 25.35±9.26,respectively.Results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that longer working time,higher education and relatively high income were risk factors of occupational burnout in medical staff(P<0.05).Conclusions:There is mild occupational burnout among medical staff during public health emergency.Reasonable arrangement of working hours,regular psychological training and health education should be suggested to improve the occupational burnout of medical staff.