安徽某医学院校预防医学专业本科生专业认同感现况及影响因素分析

Analysis on the status of professional identity among undergraduates majoring in preventive medicine in a medical college in Anhui and its influencing factors

目的:了解预防医学专业本科生专业认同感的现状并探讨其影响因素。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法于2019年11至12月对安徽某高校预防医学专业本科大一至四年级的学生进行问卷调查,采用专业认同感量表调查医学生专业认同感情况,采用直线相关分析和多元线性回归分析探讨医学生专业认同感的影响因素。结果:最终纳入675名本科生,其专业认同感量表总均分为(3.30±0.58)分,其中认知性、情感性、行为性和适切性4个维度的平均得分依次为(3.45±0.71)、(3.27±0.73)、(3.35±0.69)、(3.13±0.76)分;专业认同总均分与学校身份认同归属感和情感精神归属感得分均呈正相关(r=0.416和0.444,P<0.05);多元线性回归分析结果显示,对专业喜欢程度为喜欢(β=0.614,P<0.01)和一般(β=0.342,P<0.01)的学生,与不喜欢预防专业的学生相比,其专业认同感得分均增高;与成绩较差的学生相比,成绩中等(β=0.213,P<0.01)和较好(β=0.209,P<0.01)的学生专业认同感得分均增高;身份认同归属感(β=0.089,P=0.019)和情感精神归属感(β=0.166,P<0.01)得分越高的学生,其专业认同感得分越高。结论:预防医学专业本科生专业认同处于偏低的状态,受到学业成绩、专业喜欢程度、学校归属感等多种因素影响。

Objective:To investigate the status of professional identity of preventive medicine undergraduates and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among the first-year to fourth-year undergraduates majoring in preventive medicine in a university in Anhui Province from Nov to Dec 2019 by using the stratified cluster sampling method.The professional identity scale was used to investigate the professional identity of medical students.Linear correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to inveatigate the influencing factors of professional identity of medical students.Results:The total average score of professional identity of 675 preventive medicine undergraduates was(3.30±0.58),and the average scores of cognition,emotion,behavior and appropriateness were(3.45±0.71),(3.27±0.73),(3.35±0.69),and(3.13±0.76),respectively.The total score of professional identity was positively correlated with the scores of school identity belonging and emotional and spiritual belonging(r=0.416 and 0.444,P<0.05).Results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that students who liked the major(β=0.614,P<0.01)and generally liked the major(β=0.342,P<0.01)had higher professional identity scores than students who did not like the major.Compared to students with lower grades,students with the average grades(β=0.213,P<0.01)and better grades(β=0.209,P<0.01)had higher scores of professional identity.The higher the scores of identity belonging(β=0.089,P=0.019)and emotional and spiritual belonging(β=0.166,P<0.01),the higher the scores of professional identity.Conclusion:The professional identity of preventive medicine undergraduates at a relatively low level,which is affected by various factors such as academic performance,professional satisfaction,and school belonging.