木醋液处理对绿豆萌发及抗蚜作用初步研究

Preliminary study on germination and aphid resistance of mung bean treated with wood vinegar

为明确木醋液对绿豆萌发及寄主抗蚜作用的影响,探讨木醋液作为植物生长调节剂和生物源农药的应用潜力,本试验将木醋液原液稀释为500、1000、2000、3000倍和5000倍5个浓度,通过浸种催芽法分析木醋液对绿豆种子萌发和抗氧化指标的影响,同时用不同浓度木醋液浸泡的脱脂棉包裹绿豆苗根部模仿灌根,在培养皿中接种蚜虫,分析蚜虫繁殖力和存活率等抗虫指标。结果表明,5000倍稀释液能显著促进绿豆苗芽和根的生长,处理后7 d,根长和芽长较未处理对照显著增加19.65%和33.74%,500、1000、2000倍稀释液处理的种子其发芽率、发芽势、芽长和根长与未处理对照相比显著降低。经5000倍稀释液浸种和包裹根部的幼苗第二对真叶展开时,叶片中的CAT活性显著增加了11.54%,MDA的含量显著减少了54.19%,蛋白质含量显著增加了14.40%。500倍稀释液处理5 d的蚜虫存活率与对照相比显著降低了33.33%;2000倍稀释液处理后蚜虫7 d内繁殖力显著提高了41.53%;5000倍稀释液对蚜虫存活率、繁殖力无显著影响。综上,较高浓度的木醋液处理的绿豆苗喂食蚜虫可降低蚜虫存活率和繁殖力,但同时也抑制绿豆的萌发和幼苗生长,较低浓度木醋液促进绿豆萌发和幼苗生长,但是对寄主抗蚜性影响不显著。

In order to clarify the effect of pyroligneous acid on the germination of mung bean and its resistance to aphids and explore the application potential of pyroligneous acid as a plant growth regulator and a biological pesticide,the analysis of germination and antioxidant indexes of mung bean were performed through soaking seeds method,and indicators of resistance to aphids also launched using imitative root-irrigation treatment under the five concentration of pyroligneous acid,including 500-,1000-,2000-,3000-and 5000-fold dilution.The results showed that,compared with the control,5000-fold dilutions could significantly promote the increase of shoot and root length of Vigna radiata seedlings by 19.65%and 33.74%,respectively.500-,1000-,and 2000-fold dilutions treatments significantly decreased the germination rate,germination potential,shoot length,and root length.Specifically,CAT activity of mung bean leaves after treated with 5000-fold dilutions showed a significant increase by 11.54%,MDA content decreased by 54.19%,and protein content increased by 14.40%.Compared with the control,The 5000-fold dilution had no significant effect on the fecundity and survival rate of the aphids.The fecundity of aphids treated with 2000-fold dilutions increased significantly by 41.53%within seven days,and the survival rate of aphids treated with 500-fold dilutions decreased significantly by 33.33%in five days.In conclusion,the survival rate and fecundity of aphids feeding the seedlings of mung bean treated with higher concentrations of pyroligneous acid were reduced.However,the germination and growth of mung bean seedlings were also inhibited.The lower concentration of pyroligneous acid promoted mung bean germination and seedling growth but had no significant effect on host aphid resistance.