同胞数量、性别结构与教育获得——不同学段的比较分析(1978-2008)

Sibling Size,Gender Structure,and Educational Attainment:A Comparative Analysis of Different Stages of School Transition(1978-2008)

已有研究大多静态考察同胞数量与同胞性别结构对个体和不同性别整体教育获得的影响,对不同学段教育获得的动态研究不足。本研究利用2008年中国综合社会调查数据,探讨了不同学段同胞数量与同胞性别结构对教育获得的影响变化。研究发现:与小学升初中阶段相比,在初中升高中阶段,同胞数量、兄弟数、姐妹数对个体教育获得的负效应增强,对性别间教育不平等的影响亦增强。与初中升高中阶段相比,在高中升大学阶段,同胞数量、姐妹数对个体教育获得的负效应增强,但对性别间教育不平等的影响减弱。这表明随着学段提升,同胞数量与同胞性别结构对个体教育获得的负面影响增强,而女性在早期教育生涯遭遇的教育不平等得到有效缓解。

Most studies have statically investigated the effects of sibling size or sibling gender structure on educational attainment,while educational attainment at different stages of school transition has been inadequately examined.This paper explores the changing trend of educational inequality in different stages of school transition using data from the 2008 Chinese General Social Survey.We find that the negative effects of sibling size,the number of brothers,and the number of sisters on individual educational attainment increase,and gender inequality in educational attainment increase at the junior high school to high school stage compared to the elementary school to junior high school stage.The negative effects of sibling size and the number of sisters on individual educational attainment increase at the high school to university stage compared to the junior high school to high school stage,but the effects on gender inequality in educational attainment decrease.This indicates that the negative effects of the sibling size and gender structure on individual educational attainment increase with stages of school transition,while the educational inequality experienced by females in their early educational career is effectively mitigated.