快速交通网络化影响下的城市空间关联与经济溢出效应研究——以航空及高铁网络为例

Research on Urban Spatial Correlation and Economic Spillover Effect Under the Influence of Rapid Transportation Network: Take Aviation and High-speed Rail Networks as Examples

航空和高铁作为两种最为主要的交通方式相互补充,共同构成了现代化快速交通网络,通过改变城市间的空间关联关系,促进了经济格局的调整和区域经济的溢出。本文以柯布-道格拉斯生产函数理论为基础,构建了快速交通网络化影响下的城市经济溢出机理框架及其分析模型,分析了快速交通网络影响下城市空间关联对其经济溢出的影响,并基于中国地级及以上城市的面板数据,利用G2SLS工具变量估计等方法,实证检验了航空和高铁等快速交通网络影响下的城市空间关联与经济溢出效应的关系,并进一步开展了模型的情境分析。结果显示:航空网络影响下的城市空间关联具有明显的跨越性和等级性,高铁网络影响下的城市空间关联则带有鲜明的地缘属性和邻接属性;航空和高铁网络下城市之间的空间关联越广泛,对其经济溢出的贡献越明显,航空网络中心的过度集中导致城市空间关联的接近中心度与经济溢出之间存在负相关关系,但在高铁网络中这种关系并不稳定,城市在航空和高铁网络中的枢纽地位及对网络的控制能力对经济发展有着重要意义。

As two major modes of transportation,aviation and high-speed railway complement each other to form a modern rapid transportation network,which promotes the adjustment of economic pattern and the spillover of regional economy by changing the spatial correlation between cities.The influence of aviation and high-speed railway network on the overall pattern and internal structure of urban spatial correlation is analyzed,and empirically the relationship and difference between urban spatial correlation and economic spilt under the influence of aviation and high-speed railway network is tested,based on the panel data of Chinese cities at the prefecture-level and above,and using G2SLS tool variable estimation and other methods.The results show that the spatial association of cities under the influence of aviation network has obvious leap and rank.Under the influence of high-speed railway network,the urban spatial association has distinct geographical and adjacency attributes.Airlines and high-speed network of urban spatial correlation between the broader,contribution to its economic output,the more obvious,the excessive concentration of aviation network center close to the center of the urban space correlation degree and there is a negative correlation relationship between economic output,but the relationship is not stable in the high-speed network,cities and the high-speed rail network in aviation hub and control of the network capacity has important significance to the economic development.In the future,to strengthen the spatial relationship of Chinese cities and promote the national economic growth,it is necessary to conduct policy coordination in shortening the space and time distance,reducing regional segmentation and increasing network density.