青少年消极身体意象潜在类别与自杀意念和非自杀性自伤的关系

Relationships between potential categories of adolescents' negative physical intentions and suicidal ideation and non-suicidal self-injury

目的:探讨青少年消极身体意象的潜在类别,进一步分析青少年消极身体意象不同潜在类别与自杀意念和非自杀性自伤的关系。方法:在吉林省长春市随机抽取4所中学,每个年级以班级为单位随机整群抽取2或3个教学班级,共1 459名学生作为调查对象,采用Beck自杀意念量表中文版(BSI-CV)、青少年自我伤害行为量表(ASHS)和消极身体意象表(NPSS)进行现场问卷调查,对调查结果进行潜在剖面分析、χ^(2)检验和Logistic回归分析。结果:青少年消极身体意象分为身体满意型(65.2%,共951人)、身材瘦弱不满意型(13.4%,共195人)和肥胖容貌不满意型(21.4%,共313人)。Logistic回归分析,独生子女(OR=2.43,95%CI:1.21~4.89,P<0.05)、遭受欺凌经历(OR=2.43,95%CI:2.19~5.72,P<0.05)、身材瘦弱不满意型(OR=5.42,95%CI:2.66~11.05,P<0.01)和肥胖容貌不满意型(OR=9.34,95%CI:5.18~16.83,P<0.01)是青少年自杀意念的危险因素,女性(OR=2.35,95%CI:1.49~3.71,P<0.01)、单亲家庭(OR=1.99,95%CI:1.11~3.59,P<0.05)、遭受欺凌经历(OR=5.26,95%CI:3.42~8.08,P<0.01)、身材瘦弱不满意型(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.21~4.53,P<0.05)和肥胖容貌不满意型(OR=5.24,95%CI:3.31~8.28,P<0.01)是青少年非自杀性自伤的危险因素。结论:青少年消极身体意象存在异质性,身材瘦弱不满意型和肥胖容貌不满意型是自杀意念和非自杀性自伤的危险因素。

Objective:To discuss the potential categories of adolescents’negative physical intentions,and to further analyze the relationships between different potential categories and suicidal ideation and nonsuicidal self-injury of adolescents’negative physical intentions.Methods:In Changchun City of Jilin Province,4 middle schools were randomly selected,and 2 or 3 teaching classes were selected from each grade by using cluster randomly sampling method,and 1459 students were regarded as the survey subjects,Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation Chinese Version(BSI-CV),Adolescent Self Harm Scale(ASHS),and Negative Physical Self Scale(NPSS)were used for the on-the-spot questionnaire survey,and the results were analyzed by latent profile analysis,χ^(2) test,and Logistic regression analysis.Results:The adolescents’negative physical intentions were divided into body satisfaction(65.2%,951 persons),emaciated body dissatisfaction(13.4%,195 persons)and obese appearance dissatisfaction(21.4%,313 persons).The Logistic regression analysis results showed that only-child(OR=2.43,95%CI:1.21-4.89,P<0.05),bullying experience(OR=2.43,95%CI:2.19-5.72,P<0.05),emaciated body dissatisfaction(OR=5.42,95%CI:2.66-11.05,P<0.01),and obese appearance dissatisfaction(OR=9.34,95%CI:5.18-16.83,P<0.01)were the risk factors for the adolescents’suicidal ideation;girls(OR=2.35,95%CI:1.49-3.71,P<0.01),single-parent family(OR=1.99,95%CI:1.11-3.59,P<0.05),bullying experience(OR=5.26,95%CI:3.42-8.08,P<0.01),emaciated body dissatisfaction(OR=2.34,95%CI:1.21-4.53,P<0.05),and obese appearance dissatisfaction(OR=5.24,95%CI:3.31-8.28,P<0.01)were the risk factors for the non-suicidal self-injury of the adolescents.Conclusion:The negative physical intentions of the adolescents have heterogeneous;emaciated body dissatisfaction and obese appearance dissatisfaction are the risk factors for the suicidal ideation and non-suicidal self-injury.