国内外工业碳排放数据平台建设现状与应用展望

Current status and application prospects of industrial carbon emissiondata platforms at home and abroad

中国作为当今全球碳排放最大的国家,工业碳排放量约占全国总碳排放量的68%。在碳排放总量和强度“双控”的新制度要求下,准确核算工业碳排放量具有重要意义。通过分析国内外碳排放总量和产品碳排放强度相关标准及其低碳数据平台建设情况发现,目前国内外碳排放总量核算标准大都基于《IPCC清单指南》;国外产品碳足迹相关标准已经建立,而国内发展相对滞后,大部分行业仍缺乏权威性产品碳足迹核算及评价标准;国内外碳排放数据平台及软件均缺乏覆盖工艺过程或工序的碳排放信息,且数据基本来源于文献报道或统计年鉴,本土化程度低,不能达到高精度和国际互认水平。基于对国内外标准体系、数据平台和软件的调研分析,本研究提出,亟需完善全链条低碳标准体系,建设多产业互联的行业低碳数据平台,并开发资源-环境-碳-经济多尺度评价软件,将企业/行业工艺过程与产品供应链碳排放数据深度融合,实现数据资源公开统筹应用,服务工业领域精准降碳与绿色、低碳等多目标协同发展。

China is currently the country with the largest carbon emissions in the word,with industrial carbon emissions accounting for approximately 68%of the global carbon emissions.Under the"double control"of total amount and intensity of carbon emissions,calculating accurately of industrial carbon emissions is of great significance.This article analyzes the relevant standards for total carbon emissions and products carbon emissions intensity at home and abroad,as well as the construction of low-carbon data platforms.It is found that currently,the accounting standards for total carbon emissions at home and abroad are mostly based on the"IPCC Inventory Guidelines".Internationally,standards related to product carbon footprint have been established,but domestic development is relatively lagging,and most industries still lack authoritative product carbon footprint accounting and evaluation standards.Both domestic and foreign carbon emission data platforms and software lack carbon emission information covering process.The data is mainly from literature reports or statistical yearbook with low degree of data localization,and is unable to achieve high accuracy and international mutual recognition level.Based on research and analysis of domestic and foreign standard systems,data platforms,and software,this study proposes the urgent need to improve the full chain low-carbon standard system,build a multi-industry interconnected low-carbon data platform,and develop a multi-scale evaluation software for resources,environment,carbon,and economy.This will deeply integrate industry processes and the carbon emission data of productions supply chains.Furthermore,the open and coordinated application of data resources will be achieved,serving the precise carbon reduction and coordinated development of multiple goals such as green and low-carbon in the industrial field.