鞋底前后落差对慢跑运动员髌股关节的影响研究

Influence of Sole Front and Rear Drop on Patellofemoral Joint of Joggers

髌股关节痛是一种很常见的膝关节运动损伤,鞋底前后落差、着地方式、运动环境等均会对髌股关节应力造成一定影响。对此,本文在简单分析髌股关节损伤的基础上,设计了0、5、10和15 mm 4种鞋底前后落差对髌股关节的影响试验。选取18名男性受试者,分别穿着不同鞋底前后落差的运动鞋以4 m/s的速度慢跑,通过三维测力台、运动捕捉系统采集受试者的生物力学数据,得出测试结果:在受试者足部着地瞬间,鞋底前后落差对足地角大小有显著影响;相比高落差运动鞋,穿着无落差运动鞋慢跑时下肢髌股关节应力峰值较低,同时应力峰值时刻髌股关节压力、伸膝力矩、股四头肌活动等也得以减弱,从而降低髌股关节运动损伤风险。

Patellofemoral joint pain is a very common knee movement injury.The stress of patellofemoral joint can be affected by the front and back drop of sole,landing mode and exercise environment.In this regard,based on a simple analysis of patellofemoral joint injury,this paper designed an experiment on the influence of 0,5,10 and 15 mm shoe front and rear drop on patellofemoral joint.18 male subjects were selected to wear sneakers with different shoe front and rear drop respectively to jog at a speed of 4 m/s.The biomechanical data of the subjects were collected by the three-dimensional force measuring table and the motion capture system,and the test results are as follows:at the moment of the subject's foot landing,the sole front and rear drop has a significant effect on the size of the foot angle;compared with high-drop sports shoes,the stress peak value of lower limb patellofemoral joint is lower when jogging with non-drop sports shoes.Meanwhile,the pressure of patellofemoral joint,knee extension moment and quadriceps muscle activity at the peak stress time are also reduced,thus reducing the risk of sports injury of patellofemoral joint.