高校办学自主权能促进科技成果转化吗?——基于30个省份的准自然实验

Can the Implementation of University Autonomy Promote the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements?A Study Based on Quasi-Natural Experiments in 30 Provinces

科技成果转化是高校服务经济社会发展的重要方式,根据交易成本理论、委托代理理论与组织边界理论,落实办学自主权能有效推进高校的科技成果转化活动。2010年,我国开启国家教育体制改革试点,其中一项关键内容就是“落实高校办学自主权”。本研究借助准自然实验与双重差分法,基于我国30个省份2005—2014年的面板数据,实证检验落实高校办学自主权政策能否促进高校的科技成果转化。研究发现,政策实施前实验组与控制组保持平行趋势,政策的实施对实验组产生了正向冲击;双重差分结果表明,落实高校办学自主权政策能够显著促进高校的科技成果转化,且这一结论经过安慰剂检验等一系列稳健性检验后依然稳健。基于此,提出了相应的落实高校办学自主权、促进高校科技成果转化的政策建议。

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is an important way for universities to serve the economic and social development.According to the transaction cost theory,principal-agent theory and organizational boundary theory,implementing the autonomy in running schools can effectively promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities.In 2010,China launched a pilot program for reforming the national education system.One of the key elements is the"implementation of university autonomy".Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2014,this study uses quasi-natural experiment and Differences-in-Differences method to evaluate whether the implementation of university autonomy can promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.The study found that the experimental group and the control group maintained a parallel trend before the implementation of the policy,and the implementation of the policy had a positive impact on the experimental group;the Differences-in-Differences results showed that the implementation of the policy significantly promoted the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.After a series of robustness tests such as placebo test,the conclusion is still stable.Based on the aforementioned findings,corresponding policy recommendations for implementing university autonomy and promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements are put forward.