突触结合蛋白家族在神经系统相关疾病中的研究进展

Research Advances of Synaptotagmin Protein Family in Neurological Diseases

突触结合蛋白(synaptotagmin,Syt)家族通常被认为在神经元突触相关Ca2信号介导的突触间膜融合事件中起到非常重要的作用。既往研究已明确人类一共有17种不同亚型的突触结合蛋白,大多数突触结合蛋白作为钙离子传感器的作用也已经被揭示,其中Syt1、2、7、9这四种蛋白均与突触膜融合事件有密切联系,并且参与构成可溶性N-乙基马来酰亚胺敏感因子附着蛋白受体(SNARE)蛋白与SM(Secl/Munc18)蛋白构成的复合物,与其相关的研究最为深入。在中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)中,神经细胞的功能,包括信号传递、突触释放、递质调节等,都依赖于突触结合蛋白之间的相互作用与协同调节。该综述旨在总结突触结合蛋白部分生理作用以及在神经系统疾病中的研究进展,提供其相互关联,为后续研究提供思路。

The synaptotagmin(Syt)family play an important role on the intersynaptic membrane fusion event mediated by neuron synapse-associated Ca*sensors.Previous studies have identified a total of 17 diferent synaptotagmin proteins in human,and most of them were revealed as calcium sensors.Four proteins(Syt 1,2,7,9)are closely related to synaptic membrane fusion events,and participate in the formation of a complex composed of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor(SNARE)protein and SM(Sec1/Munc18)protein.In the central nervous system(CNS),the functions of nerve cells,including signaling transmission,synaptic release and neurotransmiter regulation,depend on the interaction between synaptotagmins.The review focuses on the research progress on synaptotagmin in neurological diseases and is hoped to provide insight into the clinical research on the neurological diseases.