胃肠动力障碍性疾病的发病机制及诊疗措施

Pathogenesis and treatment of disorders of gastrointestinal motility

胃肠动力障碍性疾病是消化内科十分普遍的疾病,发病率呈逐渐升高趋势。该类疾病包含范围广泛,发病机制复杂,与胃肠道Cajal间质细胞、脑-肠轴、肠道微生态等关系密切。至今为止,涌现出了包括食管24 h pH监测及阻抗分析、胃电图、放射性核素扫描、超声、^(13)C胃排空呼气试验、氢呼气试验、排便造影、不透X线标志物法、高分辨率测压及无线动力胶囊等多种诊断技术。针对该病发病机制的不同,治疗手段层出不穷,如调整生活方式、药物及手术治疗等,临床中需结合不同患者实际情况作出个体化治疗。

Disorders of gastrointestinal motility(DGIM)are very common diseases in the department of gastroenterology and the prevalence is increasing gradually.The pathogenesis of DGIM is complex and closely related to Cajal interstitial cells of gastrointestinal tract,brain-intestinal axis and intestinal microecology.So far,a variety of diagnostic techniques have emerged,including esophageal 24 h pH monitoring and impedance analysis,electrogastrography,radionuclide scanning,ultrasound,13C gastric emptying breath test,hydrogen breath test,defecation contrast,X-ray marker method,high resolution manometry and wireless motility capsules.According to the different pathogenesis of DGIM,treatment methods emerge in an endless stream,such as adjustment of lifestyle,drugs and surgical treatment and so on.Individual treatment should be provided clinically for different patients.