基于时序生产模拟的抽水蓄能促进新能源消纳作用量化研究

Pumped Storage Quantification in Promoting New Energy Consumption Based on Time Series Production Simulation

构建新型电力系统是推动可持续发展、实现碳达峰碳中和目标的重要举措。抽水蓄能作为新型电力系统的重要组成部分,具有保障大电网安全、服务清洁能源消纳和促进电力系统优化运行三大作用。该文构建了考虑系统整体碳排放的电力电量平衡模型,通过8760h时序生产模拟,对抽水蓄能在典型省级电网中促进新能源消纳的作用进行了量化研究。首先,结合某典型省级受端电网现有资源情况,通过有无抽水蓄能场景对比表明,配置抽水蓄能可以使系统风光综合弃电率分别下降6.3%和6.8%,当风光新能源装机比例提高9.74%时,配置相同容量抽水蓄能促进新能源消纳的电量提升约61.05%。其次,当抽水蓄能装机容量不断上升时,从对应曲线变化趋势可以看出,系统中配置抽水蓄能对促进新能源消纳和碳减排存在饱和效应;通过年度效益折算现值发现,抽水蓄能促进新能源消纳和碳减排的等效经济效益现值随容量不断增大逐渐与建设成本持平。最后,比较分析某典型省级受端电网与典型省级送端电网计算结果表明,由于两地负荷特点区别较大,抽水蓄能促进新能源消纳和碳减排取得的效果具有明显差异。

Building a new type of power system is an important step to promote sustainable development and achieve the goal of peak carbon neutrality.As an important part of the new power system,pumped storage has three major roles:to ensure the security of the power grid,to serve clean energy consumption and to promote the optimal operation of the power system.In this paper,a power balance model considering the overall carbon emissions of the system is constructed,and the role of pumped storage in promoting new energy consumption in a typical power grid is quantified through 8760-hour time-series production simulation.First,combined with the existing resources of a typical provincial recipient grid,through the comparison of scenarios with and without pumped storage shows that the configuration of pumped storage can make the system landscape integrated abandonment rate decreased by 6.3%and 6.8%,respectively,when the proportion of installed wind and new energy is increased by 9.74%,the electricity allocated to pumped storage of the same capacity to promote new energy consumption is increased by about 61.05%.Second,when the installed capacity of pumped storage is increasing,the trend of the corresponding curve shows that there is a saturation effect of pumped storage configuration in the system to promote new energy consumption and carbon emission reduction;the present value of annual benefit discounting reveals that the present value of equivalent economic benefits of pumped storage to promote new energy consumption and carbon emission reduction gradually equals the construction cost with increasing capacity.Finally,a comparative analysis of a typical provincial receiving grid and a typical provincial sending grid shows that there is a significant difference in the effect of pumped storage on promoting new energy consumption and carbon emission reduction due to the difference in load characteristics between the two areas.