婴幼儿喉气道结构异常评估的专家共识

Consensus recommendations on the evaluation and treatment of laryngotracheal anomalies in infants and young children

婴幼儿喉气道结构异常的患者在临床上表现为喘鸣、呛咳、声音嘶哑、喂养困难、间歇性青紫,以及部分患儿呼吸道梗阻导致重度的呼吸困难,甚至死亡,随之出现生长发育缓慢等健康问题,如何早期诊断与评估是儿童耳鼻喉科医生在临床上面对的极为棘手的问题。中国医师协会儿科医师分会儿童耳鼻咽喉专业委员会联合全国多家国家或区域儿童医疗中心讨论拟定评估共识,从症状学、客观检查等方面制定出了儿童气道结构异常的评估诊断方案,为临床规范化诊疗提供指导性意见。

Infants with laryngotracheal anomalies are clinically manifested as stridor or noisy breathing,choking,hoarseness,feeding difficulties,and cyanotic spells,followed by developmental and growth retardation and other health issues;in severe cases,patients may present with severe dyspnea,which is associated with high mortality.A timely diagnosis as well as appropriate strategy for laryngotracheal anomalies is still challenging for pediatric otolaryngologists.This consensus statement,evolved from expert opinion by the members of the Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology Professional Committee of the Pediatrician Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association,provides comprehensive recommendations and standardized guidance for otolaryngologists who manage infants and young children with laryngotracheal anomalies in evaluation and treatment based on symptomatology,physical and laboratory examinations.