西周昭王时期南土经营的差异化路径与治理模式转变——以金文材料为中心

The Differentiated Path and Political Pattern Construction of Southern Soil Management During the Reign of King Zhao of the Western Zhou Dynasty:Focusing on New Bronze Inscription Material

南阳盆地和随枣走廊是汉淮间两大地理单元,也是昭王南土经略的重点区域。针对两地不同的政治地理价值,昭王采取了差异化的经营措施,对南阳盆地以政治统制为主,而对随枣走廊则以军事控制为主。面对昭王南征失败后南土动荡的局势,西周王朝开始采取徙封与联姻相结合的“地缘-血缘”模式来实现对南土地区的有效统治。从西周中后期南土治理模式的变化中我们可以看到,“土宜”之法始终是周人变更区域发展政策时所遵循的基本原则。

The Nanyang Basin and the Suizao Corridor are the two major geographical units between Hanshui and Huaishui,and are also the key areas for King Zhao to manage the southern soil.In view of the different political geographical values of the two places,King Zhao adopted differentiated management measures,focusing on political control over the Nanyang Basin and military control over the Suizao Corridor.Faced with the turmoil in southern soil after the failure of King Zhao’s southern expedition,the Western Zhou dynasty began to adopt the“geo-blood”model of combining migration and marriage to achieve effective rule over the southern soil.From the changes in the governance model of southern soil in the middle and late Western Zhou dynasty,we can see that the method of“Tuyi”(土宜)has always been the basic principle followed by the Zhou people when changing regional development policies.