聚烯烃Vitrimer材料的设计、合成和性能

Design,Synthesis and Performance of Polyolefin Vitrimer Materials

当前,为了实现资源的可持续发展和对环境的保护,塑料橡胶制品的回收和再利用是工业界和科研领域十分关注的课题。Vitrimer材料能够在维持交联结构稳定的同时实现网络拓扑结构的重排,将灵活的共价交联网络属性、强健的力学和热力学性能与优异的重复加工性相统一,将分子水平重构及宏观水平重塑的能力结合起来,成为区别于常规热固性材料和热塑性材料的第三类新兴聚合物类型。这种新兴的Vitrimer材料的设计为传统的塑料橡胶制品的回收和再利用开辟了一条新的途径。本文综述了基于工业上广泛应用的聚烯烃材料转化为Vitrimer材料的设计方法,详细介绍了广泛应用的动态β-羟基酯键交换(有机网络酯交换和纳米界面酯交换)和动态B-O键交换(硼酸酯和二醇或酯基的动态酯交换反应、硼酸酯复分解反应和环硼氧烷复分解反应)的动态交换机理及其在设计聚烯烃基Vitrimer材料上的应用,最后对聚烯烃基Vitrimer材料存在的问题进行了分析并对未来研究发展方向进行了展望。

At present,to realize the sustainable development of resources and environmental protection,the recycling and reuse of plastic and rubber products is a topic of great concern in the industry and scientific research fields.Vitrimer materials can realize the rearrangement of the network topology while maintaining the stability of the cross-linked structure.It combines flexible covalent cross-linked network properties,strong mechanical and thermodynamic properties with excellent reprocessability.Vitrimer material combines the reconfigurability at the molecular level and remodeling at the macro level,which makes it a third emerging polymer type that is different from conventional thermoset materials and thermoplastic materials.The emergence of this new Vitrimer polymer opens up a new way for the recycling and reuse of traditional plastic and rubber products.This article summarizes the design methods of converting polyolefin materials widely used in industry into Vitrimer polymer materials,and then describes detailedly the dynamic exchange mechanism of the widely used dynamicβ-hydroxyester exchange(organic network transesterification and nano-interface transesterification)and dynamic B-O bond exchange(dynamic transesterification of borate and diol or ester groups,borate metathesis,and boroxine metathesis)and its application in the design of polyolefin-based Vitrimer materials.Finally,the problems existing in polyolefin-based Vitrimer polymer materials are analyzed and the future research and development directions are prospected.