混合型双光束干涉全息照相的设计与探究

DESIGN AND RESEARCH OF HYBRID DOUBLE BEAM INTERFERENCE HOLOGRAPHY

基于单光束干涉和一般的双光束干涉全息照相实验,本文设计了一种反射透射混合型双光束干涉光路,从理论上分析了两束物光与一束参考光干涉叠加后在全息干板上的强度分布情况,通过对照实验:拍摄只有反射物光的单光束干涉光路、只有透射物光的单光束干涉光路、反射透射混合型双光束干涉光路的全息图,对比分析成像效果,结果表明本文设计的光路拍摄得到的全息图成像更完整、更清晰、层次感更强;并进一步通过控制变量法,改变不同的影响因素,进而提高全息图的成像质量。经过多次探究,结果表明,当使用GS-I型全息干板,使用功率约为2.23mW、波长为632.8nm的氦氖激光器拍摄全息图时,控制曝光时间为15s,反射物光与参考光之间的夹角为25°~35°,透射物光与参考光之间的夹角为20°~30°,反射物光、透射物光与参考光的光强比约为1∶1∶1,全息图整体成像效果最佳。

Based on single beam interference and general double beam interference holography experiments,this paper designs a hybrid double beam interference optical path with both reflection light and transmission light,and theoretically analyses the intensity distribution of interference superposition of two beams of object light and one beam of reference light on the holographic dry plate.Shooting holograms of single beam interference optical path with only reflector light,single beam interference optical path with only transmission light,and hybrid double beam interference optical path with both reflection light and transmission light,the imaging effects are compared and analyzed.The results show that the holograms taken by the optical path designed in this paper are more complete,clearer,and more hierarchical.Furthermore,different influencing factors are changed through the control variable method to improve the imaging quality of the hologram.After many experiments,the results show that when the GS-I holographic dry plates and a He-Ne laser with power of about 2.23mW and wavelength of 632.8nm are used to take the hologram,the exposure time is controlled to be 15s,the angle between the reflector object light and the reference light is 25°~35°,the angle between the transmission object light and the reference light is 20°~30°,and the light inten-sity ratio of the reflector object light,the transmission object light and the reference light is a-bout 1∶1∶1,the overall imaging effect of the hologram is the best.