认知行为团体心理干预对儿童监护人第二类疫苗接种意愿的影响

Effects of group cognitive-behavioral-psychological intervention on belief of child guardians vaccinating the second type of vaccination

目的 探讨认知行为团体心理干预对儿童监护人第二类疫苗接种意愿的影响。方法 将150名儿童监护人按随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,各75例。两组均给予常规心理干预,研究组在此基础上给予认知行为团体心理干预,观察3个月。干预前后比较两组预防接种知识知晓度、预防接种态度、预防接种行为、应对方式、二类疫苗接种率。结果 干预后两组预防接种知识知晓率较干预前显著升高(P<0.01),研究组显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。干预后两组预防接种态度各维度评分较干预前显著升高(P<0.01),研究组显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。干预后研究组接种前自查儿童状况、主动询问未来接种信息、接种后主动留观等预防接种行为占比显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。干预后两组应对方式问卷的消极应对评分较干预前显著降低(P<0.01),研究组显著低于对照组(P<0.01);干预后两组简易应对方式问卷的积极应对评分较干预前显著升高(P<0.01),研究组显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。干预后研究组二类疫苗接种率高于对照组(P<0.05或0.01)。结论 认知行为团体心理干预可提高儿童家长对疫苗接种的知信行水平,使其以积极态度应对二类疫苗接种,提高接种意愿。

Objective To explore the effects of group cognitive-behavioral-psychological intervention(GCBPI)on belief of child guardians vaccinating the second type of vaccination.Methods A total of 150 child guardians were divided into research(n=50)and control(n=50)group according to random number table.Both groups received routine psychological intervention,on this basis the research was plus the GCBPI,and observed for 3 months.Before and after intervention such indexes were compared between two groups as awareness of prophylactic vaccination knowledge,vaccination attitude,vaccination behavior,coping style and inoculation rate of the second type of vaccination.Results After the intervention,the awareness rates of vaccination knowledge increased significantly in both groups compared with pre-intervention(P<0.01)and that was significantly higher in research than in control group(P<0.01).After the intervention scores on each dimension of attitude towards vaccination in both groups increased significantly in both groups compared with pre-intervention(P<0.01)and were significantly higher in research than in control group(P<0.01).After intervention the proportions of such vaccination behaviours were significantly higher inresearch than in control group as pre-inoculation self-checking of child's condition,actively asking for information about future vaccination and actively staying after vaccination for observation etc.(P<0.01).After intervention the negative coping scores of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire(WCQ)in both groups significantly lowered compared with pre-intervention(P<0.01)and that was significantly lower in research than in control group(P<0.01);the positive coping scores of the WCQ in both groups significantly elevated compared with pre-intervention ( P <0.01) and that was significantly higher in research than in control group ( P <0.01). After intervention the inoculation rate of the second type of vaccination was higher in research than in control group ( P <0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion The GCBPI could improve the knowledge, belief, and practice levels of child parents' inoculation, so that they positively respond to the vaccinating of the second type of vaccination and raise their willingness to vaccinate.