COVID-19疫情常态化防控下门诊患者防护依从性及其影响因素分析

Analyses of safeguard compliance of outpatients and its influencing factors under the normalized prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic

目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情常态化防控时期普通门诊患者的防护行为及其影响因素,为做好应对突发公共卫生事件及患者行为依从性管理提供参考。方法 对2022年9月1日~2022年10月1日在焦作市第二人民医院普通门诊就诊的患者采用自制调查问卷进行调查,共发放1 800份,收回有效问卷1 632份(90.66%);内容包括社会人口学特征、防护行为信息、防护依从性等,对防护依从性的相关因素进行单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 本组90.8%的患者愿意实施规范防护,其中防护依从率占90.81%。单因素分析显示,不同文化程度、医保类别、月收入、职业、居住地的患者防护行为依从性比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高学历、有城镇职工保险、高收入、接种过新冠疫苗的患者防护行为依从性较高;疫情的严重性认知、规范防护的益处认知、自我效能、防护共识对防护依从性有着显著影响,其得分越高,规范防护依从性越好。结论 疫情常态化防控时期,普通门诊患者整体防护依从性较高。文化程度、医保类别、收入、是否接种过新冠疫苗、疫情严重性认知、规范防护的益处认知、自我效能、防护共识是规范防护依从性的影响因素。

Objective To explore the safeguard compliance of outpatients and its influencing factors under the normalized prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in order to provide basis for coping sudden public health events and patients'behavior compliance management.Methods Patients who visited the general outpatient department of the Second People's Hospital of Jiaozuo City from Sep.1,2022 to Oct.1,2022 were investigated using self-made questionnaires,a total of 1800 questionnaires were distributed,and 1632 valid questionnaires(90.66%)collected;the contents of the questionnaire include social demographic characteristics,protective behavior information,protective compliance and so on,single factor a nalysis and multi-factor logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the factors related to safeguard compliance.Results In this group 90.8%of patients were willing to implement standard protection and safeguard compliance rate was 90.81%.Single factor analysis showed that compliance differences were statistically significant among patients with different educational levels,medical insurance types,monthly incomes,occupations and places of residence(P<0.05).Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that compliances were higher among patients with high educational levels,urban employee insurance,high income,and vaccine inoculation of COVID-19;awareness of the epidemic severity,awareness of benefits of standardized protection,self-efficacy and protection consensus had a significant impact on compliance,the higher the scores,the greater the compliance of standardized protection.Conclusion Under normalized prevention and control of COVID-19,the overall safeguard compliance in general outpatients is higher.Factors influencing safeguard compliance include educational levels,medical insurance types,monthly incomes,whether they have been vaccinated against COVID-19,awareness of the epidemic severity and the benefits of standardized protection,self-efficacy,protection consensus.