明清江西方志灾害记述及价值

Disasters Records and Their Values in Jiangxi Local Records of Ming and Qing Dynasty

记述灾害的明清江西方志种类多,包括通志、府州志、县志等。方志数量清代较明代增多;方志篇目一般附于其他门类下或独设门类,趋于稳定;记述时间范围不统一,主要集中于明清时期;灾害条目增多,蕴含的灾害要素丰富;灾害种类包括气象灾害、地质灾害、生物灾害及引发的次生灾害等;记述灾害的格式主要有6种。此外,明清江西方志在“水利”“恤政”“蠲免”“仓储”“赋税”“户口”“宦绩”“名臣”“义民”“孝友”“方技”“艺文”等类目下也记述与灾害有关的信息。明清江西方志记述灾害,具有较大的价值。

There were many types of Ming and Qing Dynasty Jiangxi local records that recorded disasters,including general records,fu or zhou records,and county records.In terms of number,there were more Qing Dynasty local records than those of Ming Dynasty.The chapter or section arrangements of these records grew stable,mostly attached to related categories or in separate categories.The ranges of recording time were not unified,but mostly concentrated in the Ming or Qing Dynasty.Entries on disasters are increasing,containing abundant disaster elements.The types of disasters include meteorological disasters,geological disasters,biological disasters,and subsequent secondary disasters.There were mainly six types of recording formats.In addition,Ming and Qing Dynasty Jiangxi local records also recorded disasters-related information under categories such as"Water Conservancy"Relieving Affairs"""Tax Exemption""Warehousing and Storage""Taxes"""Household Registration""Offical Achievements""Famous Officials""Righteous People""Filial Piety and Friendship""Skills and Techniques"or"Arts and Literature".Ming and Qing Dynasty Jiangxi local records disasters records have fairly high values.