唐宋时期瓜洲沙洲变迁与沿江政区响应

Tang and Song Period Guazhou Sandbars Transformations and Responses from Administrative Regions Along the Yangtze River

中唐以来扬州、润州江面上的瓜洲规模逐渐扩大,最终同江北扬州相连,扬州滨江土地的增加与长江江面的收束使该地区政区变化频繁。江中沙洲时期,瓜洲分属于扬州、润州,并岸后以江为界,全属扬州。唐末以来扬州滨江区域逐渐发展,北宋初年通过割县与升州,扬州一分为二,长江两岸形成昇、润、扬、真四州两两相对的地域结构。南宋时期,瓜洲在某些时段遥隶镇江,以江为界与跨江遥隶代表着滨水区域两种不同的地域结构,后者重视对长江水域的控制,因此在宋廷构建江防体系与元军围困扬州的过程中凸显出来。

Since the middle of Tang Dynasty,the sizes of sandbars in mainstream of the Yangtze River in Yangzhou and Runzhou gradually expanded,and finally connected with Yangzhou north of the Yangtze River.The expansion of riverside land and narrowing of the Yangtze River watercourse caused frequent changes in the administrative regions of that area.During the mid-stream sandbars period,Guazhou partly belonged to Yangzhou,and partly belonged to Runzhou.After the riverbank connection,Guazhou with the river as its border wholly belonged to Yangzhou.Since late Tang Dynasty,Yangzhou's riverside area gradually developed.During early period of Northern Song Dynasty,Yangzhou was divided into two parts by upgrading the county to the zhou.A regional structure of two facing the other two was formed,i.e.Shengzhou and Runzhou on one side of the Yangtze River facing Yangzhou and Zhenzhou on the opposite side.During Southern Song Dynasty,Guazhou during certain periods distantly belonged to Zhenjiang.Taking the river as the borderline,and distantly controlling or subordinated across the river,are two different regional structures of the riverside area,the latter put the emphasis on controlling the water areas of the Yangtze River,and therefore stood out during the process when the Song Court constructed river defence system and the Yuan army's siege of Yangzhou.