中国建筑“双碳”路径的科学问题与研究建议

The Scientific Questions and Research Recommendations of Chinese Architecture's“Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality” Route

中国当下的“生态文明建设”和高质量发展理念对建筑业可持续发展提出了更高要求和挑战,建筑业作为我国第一碳排放大户,其碳中和关乎国家“双碳”战略的顺利实施。如何实现传统建筑材料、结构、建造的低碳转型,如何发展“以人为本”的低碳人居环境的能源环境新技术,如何平衡人类生产生活与自然环境的关系等,成为当前亟待解决的问题。本文立足全球视野,基于国家“双碳”目标达成的战略需求和顶层设计,阐述建筑学科的发展现状、趋势和挑战,尝试凝练建筑“双碳”路径相关的关键科学问题,从全过程、全领域、数字化和工程的视角提出未来中国建筑“双碳”的可能实现路径、战略研判和研究重点,以期助力我国生态文明高质量建设与中国式现代化进程。

China's current“ecological civilization construction”and high-quality development concept put forward higher requirements and challenges for the sustainable development of the architecture.Architecture and related building industry as China's first carbon emission,its carbon neutrality is related to the smooth implementation of the national“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”strategy.How to realize the low-carbon transformation of traditional building materials,structures and construction,how to develop new energy and environmental technologies for“human-oriented”low-carbon living environment,and how to balance the relationship between human production and life and the natural environment have become urgent problems to be solved at present.Based on the global perspective and the strategic needs and top-level design of the national“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”goal,this paper expounds the development status,trends and challenges of the architectural discipline,and tries to raise key scientific issues related to the“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”route of architecture.From the perspective of the whole process,the whole field,digitalization and engineering,this paper puts forward the possible realization route,strategic judgment and research focus of China's architecture under the“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”goal in the future to help China's high-quality ecological civilization construction and Chinese-style modernization process.